Pankhani yowongolera kayendedwe kolondola kwambiri, gawo loyendetsa kayendedwe kolondola kwambiri la mpweya lakhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazochitika zambiri zopangira zinthu zapamwamba komanso kafukufuku wasayansi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osagwedezeka komanso olondola kwambiri. Kuyambitsa maziko olondola a granite ndikolowetsa mphamvu yamphamvu kuti igwire bwino ntchito, koma kuphatikiza kwa ziwirizi sikwabwino.
Choyamba, ubwino waukulu
Kukhazikika kwabwino: Granite pambuyo pa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri za kusintha kwa geology, kapangidwe ka mkati kake ndi kolimba komanso kofanana, makamaka ndi quartz, feldspar ndi mchere wina wogwirizana kwambiri. Kapangidwe kapadera aka kamapatsa maziko a granite kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri. Poyang'anizana ndi kusokonezeka kwakunja, monga kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa zida zazikulu zozungulira komanso kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa malo ozungulira, maziko a granite amatha kutseka ndikuchepetsa bwino. Mu malo opangira ma chip amagetsi, zida zamakina ndi zida zina zimagwira ntchito pafupipafupi, ndipo maziko a granite amatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri lomwe limatumizidwa ku float yamlengalenga ndi oposa 80%, kuonetsetsa kuti gawoli likuyenda bwino, kupereka maziko olimba a njira zolondola kwambiri monga lithography ndi etching mu njira yopanga ma chip, ndikukweza kwambiri phindu la kupanga ma chip.
Kusunga molondola kwambiri: Gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la kuyandama kwa mpweya limafuna kulondola kwambiri, ndipo ubwino wa kuyandama kochepa kwa maziko a granite umachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pa izi. Kuyandama kwa kutentha kwa granite wamba ndi 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃, komwe ndi kotsika kwambiri kuposa zinthu wamba zachitsulo. Kutentha kukasintha, kukula kwa maziko kumasintha pang'ono kwambiri. M'munda wa zakuthambo, gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la kuyandama kwa mpweya kuti lisinthe bwino lenzi ya telesikopu, yokhala ndi maziko a granite, imatha kutsimikizira kuti kulondola kwa malo a lenzi kumasungidwa pamlingo wa sub-micron ngakhale kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku kuli kwakukulu, kuthandiza akatswiri a zakuthambo kuwona bwino zinthu zakuthambo zakutali.
Kukana kuvala bwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali: Ngakhale kuti gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la mpweya limachepetsa kukangana mwachindunji panthawi yogwira ntchito, komabe pali chiopsezo china cha kuvala pakagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuuma kwa granite ndi kwakukulu, kuuma kwa Mohs kumatha kufika 6-7, kukana kuvala mwamphamvu. Mu labotale ya sayansi ya zinthu, gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la mpweya lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, maziko a granite amatha kukana kukangana kwa chotsitsa cha mpweya, poyerekeza ndi maziko wamba achitsulo, amatha kuwonjezera nthawi yosamalira gawoli ndi zoposa 50%, kuchepetsa ndalama zosamalira zida, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yofufuza yasayansi ikupitilizabe.
Chachiwiri, pali zofooka
Mtengo wokwera: Mtengo wogulira zinthu zopangira granite zapamwamba ndi wokwera, ndipo migodi, mayendedwe ndi kukonza kwake ndi zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna zida zaukadaulo komanso ukadaulo waluso. Kuyambira pakukumba miyala yoyenera ya granite mpaka kukonza mpaka ku maziko a module yoyenda bwino kwambiri yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira za kulondola kwambiri, imaphatikizapo njira zambiri zabwino, monga kudula molondola, kupera, kupukuta, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wopanga maziko olondola a granite ukhale wokwera kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zina monga chitsulo, mtengo wake ukhoza kukhala wokwera kangapo kapena kuposerapo, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwakukulu pamlingo winawake, makamaka kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono kapena mabungwe ofufuza zasayansi omwe ali ndi bajeti yochepa.
Kulemera kolemera: Kuchuluka kwa granite ndi kwakukulu, pafupifupi 2.6-3.1g /cm³, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maziko olondola a granite akhale olemera kwambiri. Pokhazikitsa ndi kusamalira zida, zida zonyamulira akatswiri ndi anthu ogwira ntchito amafunika, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta pakuyika ndi mayendedwe. Muzochitika zina zomwe zimafuna kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe ka malo a zida, maziko olemerawo amaletsanso kuyenda kosavuta ndikuyikanso gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la mpweya woyandama, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi kusinthasintha kwa zidazo.
N'kovuta kukonza: granite ili ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso kusweka, ndipo zida zokonzera ndi zofunikira pa ntchito yake ndi zokhwima kwambiri. Pa ntchito yokonza, n'kosavuta kukhala ndi ming'alu, ming'alu ndi zolakwika zina, ndipo n'kovuta kutsimikizira kuti ntchito yokonza ndi yabwino komanso pamwamba pake ndi yolondola. Kuti tikwaniritse kusalala komanso kulunjika koyenera kwa gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri la mpweya woyandama, mayeso ndi kukonza zambiri kumafunika panthawi yokonza, ndipo nthawi yokonza ndi yayitali ndipo kuchuluka kwa kukana kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wopanga komanso nthawi.
Gawo loyenda bwino kwambiri lomwe lili ndi maziko olondola a granite lili ndi zabwino zazikulu pakukhazikika ndi kulondola, zomwe ndizoyenera minda yapamwamba kwambiri yokhala ndi zofunikira zolondola kwambiri, koma bolodi lalifupi monga mtengo, kulemera ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa mokwanira mu ntchito zothandiza, ndipo chisankho choyenera chimapangidwa mutayesa zabwino ndi zoyipa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-08-2025