Zigawo za granite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu molondola, kusalala ngati chizindikiro chofunikira, kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ake komanso mtundu wa zinthu. Izi ndi njira yofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane njira, zida, ndi njira yodziwira kusalala kwa zigawo za granite.
I. Njira zodziwira
1. Njira yolumikizira makristalo athyathyathya: yoyenera kuzindikira kuthyathyathya kwa zigawo za granite molunjika, monga maziko a zida zowunikira, nsanja yoyezera bwino kwambiri, ndi zina zotero. Kristalo yathyathyathya (chinthu chagalasi chowunikira chokhala ndi kuthyathyathya kwakukulu) imalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi gawo la granite kuti liziyang'aniridwa pa ndege, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya kuthyathyathya kwa mafunde a kuwala, pamene kuwala kumadutsa mu galasi lathyathyathya ndi pamwamba pa gawo la granite kuti apange mizere yolumikizira. Ngati ndege ya chiwalocho ndi yathyathyathya bwino, ma fringe olowerera ndi mizere yolunjika yofanana; Ngati ndegeyo ndi yopingasa komanso yopingasa, fringe idzapinda ndi kusokonekera. Malinga ndi digiri yopindika ndi mtunda wa ma fringe, cholakwika cha flatness chimawerengedwa ndi fomula. Kulondola kumatha kufika pa nanometers, ndipo kupotoka kwa ndege yaying'ono kumatha kuzindikirika molondola.
2. Njira yoyezera mulingo wamagetsi: nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zigawo zazikulu za granite, monga bedi la zida zamakina, nsanja yayikulu yopangira gantry, ndi zina zotero. Mulingo wamagetsi umayikidwa pamwamba pa gawo la granite kuti asankhe malo oyezera ndikuyenda motsatira njira yeniyeni yoyezera. Mulingo wamagetsi umayesa kusintha kwa Ngongo pakati pawo ndi njira yokoka munthawi yeniyeni kudzera mu sensa yamkati ndikuisintha kukhala deta yosiyana. Poyezera, ndikofunikira kupanga gridi yoyezera, kusankha malo oyezera patali m'njira za X ndi Y, ndikulemba deta ya mfundo iliyonse. Kudzera mu kusanthula kwa mapulogalamu okonza deta, kusalala kwa pamwamba pa zigawo za granite kumatha kuyikidwa, ndipo kulondola kwa muyeso kumatha kufika pa mulingo wa micron, womwe ungakwaniritse zosowa za kuzindikira kusalala kwa zigawo zazikulu m'mafakitale ambiri.
3. Njira yodziwira CMM: Kuzindikira kwathunthu kusalala kumatha kuchitika pazigawo zovuta za granite, monga granite substrate ya nkhungu zooneka ngati zapadera. CMM imayenda mu malo atatu kudzera mu probe ndikukhudza pamwamba pa gawo la granite kuti ipeze ma coordinates a malo oyezera. Malo oyezera amagawidwa mofanana pa gawo la zigawo, ndipo latisi yoyezera imapangidwa. Chipangizocho chimasonkhanitsa zokha deta yolumikizana ya mfundo iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu oyezera akatswiri, malinga ndi deta yolumikizana kuti awerenge cholakwika cha flatness, sikungodziwa flatness yokha, komanso kumatha kupeza kukula kwa zigawo, mawonekedwe ndi kulekerera malo ndi zina zambiri zamitundu yambiri, kulondola kwa muyeso malinga ndi kulondola kwa zida ndikosiyana, nthawi zambiri pakati pa ma microns ochepa mpaka makumi a ma microns, kusinthasintha kwakukulu, koyenera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuzindikira zigawo za granite.
II. Kukonzekera zida zoyesera
1. Krustalo wolondola kwambiri: Sankhani kristalo wolondola kwambiri wofanana ndi kristalo wolondola malinga ndi zofunikira pakuzindikira molondola kwa zigawo za granite, monga kuzindikira kufunika kwa nanoscale flatness kuti musankhe kristalo wolondola kwambiri wokhala ndi cholakwika cha flatness mkati mwa nanometers ochepa, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa kristalo wosalala uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa kukula kocheperako kwa gawo la granite lomwe liyenera kuyang'aniridwa, kuti muwonetsetse kuti malo ozindikira akuphimbidwa mokwanira.
2. Mlingo wamagetsi: Sankhani mlingo wamagetsi womwe kulondola kwake kumakwaniritsa zosowa zodziwira, monga mlingo wamagetsi wokhala ndi kulondola kwa muyeso wa 0.001mm/m2, womwe ndi woyenera kuzindikirika bwino kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, maziko ofanana a tebulo la maginito amakonzedwa kuti athandize mulingo wamagetsi kumamatira mwamphamvu pamwamba pa gawo la granite, komanso zingwe zopezera deta ndi mapulogalamu opezera deta ya pakompyuta, kuti athe kujambula ndi kukonza deta yoyezera nthawi yeniyeni.
3. Chida choyezera chogwirizana: Malinga ndi kukula kwa zigawo za granite, mawonekedwe ovuta kusankha kukula koyenera kwa chida choyezera chogwirizana. Zigawo zazikulu zimafuna ma gauge akuluakulu oyesera, pomwe mawonekedwe ovuta amafunikira zida zokhala ndi ma probe olondola kwambiri komanso mapulogalamu amphamvu oyezera. CMM isanazindikiridwe, imayesedwa kuti iwonetsetse kuti probeyo ndi yolondola komanso yolondola poyimika.
III. Njira yoyesera
1. Njira yolumikizirana pakati pa makristalo athyathyathya:
◦ Tsukani pamwamba pa zinthu za granite zomwe zikuyenera kuwonedwa ndi pamwamba pa galasi losalala, pukutani ndi ethanol yopanda madzi kuti muchotse fumbi, mafuta ndi zinthu zina zodetsa, kuti muwonetsetse kuti ziwirizi zikukwana bwino popanda mpata.
Ikani kristalo wathyathyathya pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa granite member, ndipo kanikizani pang'ono kuti awiriwa agwirizane mokwanira kuti apewe thovu kapena kupendekeka.
◦ Mu chipinda chamdima, gwero la kuwala la monochromatic (monga nyali ya sodium) limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira galasi lathyathyathya molunjika, kuwona mphero zosokoneza kuchokera pamwamba, ndikulemba mawonekedwe, komwe zingwezo zikupita, ndi kuchuluka kwa kupindika kwa mpherozo.
◦ Kutengera ndi deta ya fringe yosokoneza, werengerani cholakwika cha flatness pogwiritsa ntchito fomula yoyenera, ndikuyerekeza ndi zofunikira za flatness tolerance za gawo kuti mudziwe ngati ndi yoyenerera.
2. Njira yoyezera mulingo wamagetsi:
◦ Gridi yoyezera imajambulidwa pamwamba pa gawo la granite kuti idziwe komwe kuli malo oyezera, ndipo mtunda wa malo oyezera oyandikana nawo umayikidwa moyenera malinga ndi kukula ndi kulondola kwa gawolo, nthawi zambiri 50-200mm.
◦ Ikani mulingo wamagetsi pa tebulo la maginito ndipo mulumikize pamalo oyambira a gridi yoyezera. Yambani mulingo wamagetsi ndikulemba mulingo woyambirira deta ikakhazikika.
◦ Sinthani mfundo yamagetsi pamlingo ndi mfundo m'njira yoyezera ndikulemba deta ya mulingo pamlingo uliwonse mpaka mfundo zonse zoyezera zitayezedwa.
◦ Lowetsani deta yoyezedwa mu pulogalamu yokonza deta, gwiritsani ntchito njira yaching'ono kwambiri ndi ma algorithms ena kuti mugwirizane ndi kusalala, pangani lipoti la zolakwika za kusalala, ndikuwunika ngati kusalala kwa gawolo kuli koyenera.
3. Njira yodziwira CMM:
◦ Ikani gawo la granite patebulo la ntchito la CMM ndipo gwiritsani ntchito chogwirira kuti muchikonze mwamphamvu kuti gawolo lisasunthike panthawi yoyezera.
◦ Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa gawolo, njira yoyezera imakonzedwa mu pulogalamu yoyezera kuti idziwe kufalikira kwa malo oyezera, kuonetsetsa kuti malo oyezera akuphimbidwa mokwanira komanso kufalikira kwa malo oyezera mofanana.
◦ Yambitsani CMM, sunthani probe motsatira njira yomwe mwakonzekera, lumikizanani ndi malo oyezera pamwamba pa granite component, ndikusonkhanitsa deta yolumikizana ya mfundo iliyonse.
◦ Pambuyo poti muyeso watha, pulogalamu yoyezera imasanthula ndikugwiritsa ntchito deta yosonkhanitsidwa, kuwerengera cholakwika cha kusalala, kupanga lipoti loyesa, ndikutsimikiza ngati kusalala kwa gawolo kukukwaniritsa muyezo.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-28-2025