Ma block a geji (omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ma block a Jo) amagwira ntchito ngati muyezo waukulu wa physical wa dimensional metrology padziko lonse lapansi. Kuwerengera kulikonse kwa micrometer, kutalika kwa zero, ndimakina oyezera ogwirizana(CMM) axis audit imatsatira mzere wake wa dimensional kubwerera ku mulu wa ma gauge blocks opindika omwe amatsimikiziridwa motsutsana ndi ma laser interferometers.
Kusankha zinthu zolakwika kapena kulondola kwa kalasi kumabweretsa zolakwika zazing'ono pa kutentha, kulephera kupotoza, komanso kuwonongeka kosafunikira. Seti yoyezera ya Giredi K yopangidwira labu yowongolera zachilengedwe idzawonongeka mwachangu ngati iyikidwa pansi pa shopu yodzaza mafuta, pomwe seti yachitsulo yotsika mtengo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kufananiza molondola kwambiri imabweretsa kusatsimikizika kosavomerezeka.
Kumvetsetsa magiredi olondola, fizikisi ya zinthu, ndi mphamvu zopotoza zinthu kumatsimikizira kuti kapangidwe kanu kabwino kamasunga unyolo wosasweka wa kutsata kwa metrological.
1. Kusankha Giredi Yolondola Yolondola (ISO 3650 / ASME B89.1.9)
Miyezo yapadziko lonse imagawa ma gauge blocks m'magulu anayi oyambira kutengera kutalika kwa matabwa ndi kulekerera kwake kusalala:
+--------------------+- ...Giredi K (Giredi Yowerengera)
Mabuloko a Giredi K amakhala ndi kutalika kolimba kwambiri komanso kulekerera kufanana, koma sagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa tsiku ndi tsiku. Ntchito yawo yokha ndikulinganiza mabuloko oyesera ogwirira ntchito (Giredi 0 kapena 1). Ma labotale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma seti a Giredi K amafunikira ma interferometer apamwamba kapena ma comparator amakaniki kuti azitha kujambula kusiyana kwa mainchesi ang'onoang'ono.
Giredi 0 ndi Giredi 1
Giredi 0 imagwira ntchito ngati muyezo wogwirira ntchito m'zipinda zowunikira zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi nyengo kuti ziwongolere ma micrometer, mphete zoyikira, ndi ma probe amagetsi. Ma block a Giredi 1 amasamalira kuwunika kolondola kwazinthu zonse pansi pa shopu komwe kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kumakhala mkati mwa malire apakati.
2. Kusankha Zinthu: Chitsulo vs. Carbide vs. Ceramic
Kusankha zinthu zoyenera kumafuna kulinganiza bwino kutentha komwe kumagwirizana ndi kufalikira, kukana kuwonongeka, komanso chitetezo cha dzimbiri.
+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | Katundu Wazinthu | Chitsulo (Alloy) | Tungsten Carbide | Ceramic (Zirconia) | +- ... +- ...+Chitsulo
Chitsulo chikadali chisankho chachikhalidwe komanso chotsika mtengo. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi makina achitsulo kumafanana kwambiri ndi zida zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimachepetsa zolakwika zosiyanasiyana pakukulitsa makinawo. Komabe, chitsulocho chimafunika mafuta nthawi zonse kuti chipewe dzimbiri ndi kukanda mosavuta chikakumana ndi mchenga.
Tungsten Carbide
Carbide imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba yotha kutha pafupifupi nthawi khumi kuposa chitsulo cha zida. Kuchuluka kwake kwakukulu komanso kukana kukanda kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pa malo owunikira okwera kwambiri. Komabe, mphamvu yake yotsika yotenthetsera kutentha (~ 4.5 × 10⁻⁶/C) imafuna zinthu zowongolera kutentha mosamala poyesa zigawo zachitsulo pamalo otentha kutali ndi 20℃.
Zirconia Ceramic
Zirconia ceramic yakhala chinthu chomwe chimakonda kwambiri m'ma laboratories amakono apamwamba. Ma ceramic blocks ndi oteteza dzimbiri, sagwiritsa ntchito maginito, ndipo sangalowe m'malo mwa ma micro-burrs. Kugwetsa ceramic block sikukweza m'mphepete mwa burr; imangophwanyika bwino popanda kusokoneza malo ozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwake kwa kutentha (~ 9.8 × 10⁻⁶/C) kumafanana kwambiri ndi chitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwerengera kutentha kukhale kosavuta.
3. Chodabwitsa Chopindika ndi Ubwino wa Pamwamba
Kupotokola—njira yolumikizira mabuloko awiri oyera, athyathyathya pamodzi pansi pa kukakamizidwa pang'ono kuti azigwirana popanda zomangira zakunja—kumadalira kukhudzana kwa mamolekyulu ndi kukopa mamolekyulu pa mafilimu amadzimadzi opyapyala.
NJIRA YOKWERA Block A (Pamwamba) [==============================]=" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ <-- Filimu yamafuta yopyapyala kwambiri (nanometer scale) Block B (Pansi) [================================]=" --> Kukopa kwa mamolekyulu + kupsinjika kwa mlengalenga kumagwirizira mabuloko pamodzi mwamphamvu.Kupotoza bwino kumafuna malo abwino kwambiri pamwamba. Ngati maziko a gauge block kapena nkhope yoyezera ili ndi ma scratch burrs, fumbi louluka, kapena mafuta oundana, mpata wopotoza umakula ndi mazana angapo a nanometers, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti calibration ya Giredi 0 ikhale yosagwira ntchito.
Pa malo athu opangira zinthu a Jinan, kusunga kulondola kwa ma calibration kuti akwaniritse miyezo yoyezera mkati kumadalira kuphatikiza ma block a ceramic ndi chitsulo ndi ma granite akuda a ZHHIMG® pamwamba (≈ 3100 kg/m³). Chifukwa granite yochuluka kwambiri imapereka maziko osagwira ntchito, osagwiritsa ntchito maginito, okhala ndi ma micro-lapped mkati mwa malo athu ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi a 10,000 m², akatswiri amatha kupotoza ndikutsimikizira ma block popanda kusokoneza kugwedezeka kwa nthaka komwe kumasintha kutalika kwa mawerengedwe.
4. Kutsata Kulondola ndi Kulamulira Zachilengedwe
Kugula mabuloko apamwamba sikukutanthauza zambiri ngati malo anu oyezera alibe kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe komanso kutsata kwa metrological.
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Kunyowetsa kutentha: Musanayese kapena kupotoza, lolani mabuloko ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito zilowe mu labu yoyang'aniridwa ndi nyengo (20 ℃) kwa maola osachepera awiri mpaka anayi. Mabuloko ogwirira ntchito mwachindunji ndi manja opanda kanthu amasamutsa kutentha kwa thupi nthawi yomweyo, ndikukulitsa chipika cha 100 mm ndi micron yonse mkati mwa masekondi. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira kapena magolovesi a thonje.
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Kutsata Ma Laboratory Yadziko Lonse: Onetsetsani kuti satifiketi yowunikira ikuchokera ku malo ovomerezeka omwe amatha kutsatiridwa ku mabungwe a dziko lonse oyesa zinthu (NIM, PTB, NPL, kapena NIST). Muyezo uliwonse wa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ZHHIMG uli ndi chitsimikizo chowunikira chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka a boma ndi dziko lonse.
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Njira Zoyeretsera: Tsukani mabuloko musanagwiritse ntchito komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zopukutira zopanda mowa komanso zopanda mafuta. Ma seti achitsulo ayenera kupakidwa pang'ono ndi petrolatum yopanda asidi musanasunge.
Mndandanda wa Ntchito za Mainjiniya Abwino
Mukasankha ma gauge blocks a malo anu:
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Gwirizanitsani zinthu zomangira ndi zinthu zanu zogwirira ntchito: Sankhani ceramic kuti muyang'ane zitsulo zonse komanso kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'chipinda choyera; sankhani carbide kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'malo ogwirira ntchito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
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Sungani mabuloko a Giredi K ndi Giredi 0 mosamala m'zipinda zoyezera kutentha zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi nyengo (20°C ± 0.5°C).
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Musasunge zidutswa zomwe zaphwanyidwa usiku wonse. Kuwotcherera kozizira ndi chinyezi cha mumlengalenga zidzapangitsa kuti nkhope zolumikizana zikhale zosweka kwamuyaya.
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Tsimikizirani kuti malo anu oikirapo mbale (DIN 876 Giredi 00) ndi osalala (DIN 876 Giredi 00) musanakhazikitse malo oikirapo mbale kuti mupewe zolakwika za kupotoka kwa maziko.
Mwa kufananiza giredi, zipangizo, ndi njira yogwirira ntchito ndi malo anu oyezera, labu yanu imasunga maziko okhazikika a chinthu chilichonse chomwe chikutuluka mufakitale yanu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-06-2026