Kapangidwe ndi Mfundo ya Macheka Odulira Zinthu Zosaphika a Granite Platform: Yang'anani pa Ma Model Odzipangira Okha a Mlatho

1. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri kwa Macheka Odula Okha Okha a Mtundu wa Mlatho​

Chotsukira miyala chopangidwa ndi mlatho chokhachokha chimapangidwa makamaka kuti chizidula nsanja za granite ndi mbale za nsanja za marble—zinthu zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera kolondola komanso mtengo wake wamsika. Mosiyana ndi zida zodulira zachikhalidwe zamanja kapena zodzipangira zokha, mtundu uwu wa chotsukira umagwiritsa ntchito malo osinthira okhazikika okha ndipo umayendetsedwa ndi njira yanzeru yowongolera. Kapangidwe kameneka sikuti kamangopangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yosavuta (kuchepetsa kudalira luso lamanja) komanso kumapereka kulondola kwapadera kodulira (ndi kusiyana kwa miyeso komwe kungawongoleredwe mkati mwa ma microns kuti mupeze magawo ofunikira) komanso kukhazikika kwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Kaya kukonza nsanja zazing'ono za granite zolondola zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories kapena mbale zazikulu za nsanja zamafakitale, zidazi zimatha kusintha malinga ndi zofunikira za kukula kosiyanasiyana popanda kusokoneza khalidwe la kukonza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale maziko opangira nsanja zamakono za granite.​

2. Kapangidwe Katsatanetsatane ndi Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Macheka Odulira Miyala​

Chodulira chodzipangira chokha chofanana ndi mlatho chimaphatikiza machitidwe ambiri apamwamba, chilichonse chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti kudula kulondola, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kulimba kwa zida. Pansipa pali kufotokoza kwa machitidwe ake ofunikira ndi mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito:

2.1 Njira Yothandizira Sitima Yaikulu Yotsogolera ndi Yothandizira​

Monga "maziko" a zida zonse, njanji yayikulu yowongolera ndi makina othandizira amapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba komanso zosatha (nthawi zambiri chitsulo chosungunuka kapena chitsulo chopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri). Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina onse akugwira ntchito bwino panthawi yodula mwachangu. Mwa kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi kusuntha kwa mbali, makinawa amaletsa kusinthasintha kwa kudula komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa zida - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusunga malo opanda pulatifomu ya granite kukhala osalala. Kapangidwe kothandizira kamakonzedwanso kuti kazitha kunyamula katundu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zipirire kulemera kwa mabuloko akuluakulu a granite (nthawi zambiri olemera matani angapo) popanda kusinthika.​

2.2 Dongosolo la Spindle​

Dongosolo la spindle ndi "chimake cholondola" cha soka lodulira, lomwe limayang'anira bwino mtunda woyenda wa galimoto ya sitima (yomwe imasunga disc yodulira). Pakudula nsanja ya granite, makamaka pokonza mbale zoonda kwambiri za nsanja (nthawi zina zimakhala ndi makulidwe ochepera 5-10mm), dongosolo la spindle liyenera kutsimikizira zotsatira ziwiri zofunika: kudula mosalala (popanda kupindika pamwamba podula) ndi makulidwe ofanana (kukhuthala kofanana pa nsanja yonse yopanda kanthu). Kuti izi zitheke, spindle ili ndi ma bearing olondola kwambiri komanso njira yoyikira yoyendetsedwa ndi servo, yomwe imatha kuwongolera mtunda woyenda ndi malire olakwika osakwana 0.02mm. Mlingo wolondola uwu umayika mwachindunji maziko a njira zopukutira ndi kupukuta mapulatifomu a granite.​

2.3 Njira Yokwezera Yoyimirira​

Dongosolo lokwezera loyima limawongolera kuyenda koyima kwa tsamba la granite, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lisinthe kuya kwa kudula malinga ndi makulidwe a granite block. Dongosololi limayendetsedwa ndi screw yolondola kwambiri ya mpira kapena hydraulic silinda (kutengera zomwe zida zili), kuonetsetsa kuti kukweza kosalala komanso kokhazikika popanda kugwedezeka. Pakagwiritsidwa ntchito, dongosololi limasintha lokha malo oyima a tsamba la granite kutengera magawo omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale (zolowera kudzera mu dongosolo lowongolera lanzeru), kuonetsetsa kuti kuya kwa kudula kukugwirizana ndi makulidwe ofunikira a nsanja ya granite yopanda kanthu—kuchotsa kufunikira kosintha pamanja ndikuchepetsa zolakwika za anthu.​

2.4 Dongosolo Loyenda Molunjika​

Dongosolo loyenda molunjika limalola kuyenda kwa tsamba la macheka—njira yosunthira tsamba la macheka molunjika kuti lidule chipika cha granite. Ubwino waukulu wa dongosololi ndi liwiro lake losinthika la chakudya: ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusankha liwiro lililonse mkati mwa mulingo womwe watchulidwa (nthawi zambiri 0-5m/min) kutengera kuuma kwa granite (monga, mitundu yolimba ya granite monga "Jinan Green" imafuna liwiro locheperako la chakudya kuti tsamba la macheka lisawonongeke ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kudula kuli bwino). Kuyenda kolunjika kumayendetsedwa ndi mota ya servo, yomwe imapereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso kuwongolera liwiro, zomwe zimawonjezera kulondola kwa kudula.​

2.5 Njira Yopaka Mafuta​

Kuti achepetse kukangana pakati pa zinthu zoyenda (monga ma guide rails, spindle bearing, ndi ma ball screws) ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya zida, makina olowetsa mafuta amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka mafuta oyenda pakati. Makinawa amapereka mafuta olowetsa mafuta kuzinthu zofunika nthawi ndi nthawi, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse zoyenda zimagwira ntchito bwino popanda kuwonongeka kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka mafuta oyendera mafuta kamaletsanso fumbi ndi zinyalala za granite kulowa mu makina olowetsa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima komanso zodalirika.​

2.6 Makina Oziziritsira​

Kudula granite kumabweretsa kutentha kwakukulu (chifukwa cha kukangana pakati pa tsamba la macheka ndi mwala wolimba), zomwe zingawononge tsamba la macheka (kupangitsa kutentha kwambiri ndi kufooka) ndikukhudza kulondola kodulira (chifukwa cha kutentha kwa granite). Dongosolo loziziritsira limathetsa vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamadzi yozizira yodzipereka kuti izungulire choziziritsira chapadera (chopangidwa kuti chisawonongeke ndi kutentha) kupita kumalo odulira. Choziziritsira sichimangotenga kutentha kuchokera ku tsamba la macheka ndi granite komanso chimachotsa zinyalala zodulira, kusunga malo odulira kukhala oyera ndikuletsa zinyalala kuti zisasokoneze njira yodulira. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti kudula kumachitika bwino nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera moyo wa ntchito ya tsamba la macheka.​

2.7 Dongosolo la Mabuleki​

Dongosolo la mabuleki ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo ndi kulondola, lopangidwa kuti liyimitse mwachangu komanso modalirika kuyenda kwa tsamba la macheka, mtanda wopingasa, kapena galimoto ya sitima pakafunika kutero. Limagwiritsa ntchito njira ya mabuleki yamagetsi kapena ya hydraulic, yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito mkati mwa ma milliseconds kuti ipewe kuyenda mopitirira muyeso (kuonetsetsa kuti kudula kuyima pamalo omwe akhazikitsidwa kale) ndikupewa ngozi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyenda kosayembekezereka. Pakusintha kwamanja kapena kuzimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, dongosolo la mabuleki limaonetsetsa kuti zidazo sizimayima, kuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito komanso granite workpiece.​

2.8 Dongosolo Lowongolera Magetsi​

Monga "ubongo" wa chodulira chodzipangira chokha, makina owongolera magetsi amakhala pakati pa kabati yowongolera magetsi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti njira zogwirira ntchito zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamanja komanso zokha. Zinthu zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kukhazikitsa Ma Parameter Anzeru: Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulowetsa magawo odulira (monga kuzama kwa kudula, liwiro la chakudya, ndi kuchuluka kwa kudula) kudzera pa touchscreen interface, ndipo makinawo amangochita njira yodulira yokha— kuchepetsa zolakwika za anthu ndikuwongolera kusinthasintha.​

• Kulamulira Liwiro Losinthasintha (VFD): Liwiro la tsamba lodulira miyala limayendetsedwa ndi chowongolera cha ma frequency chosinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti liwiro lizisinthasintha mosavuta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti liwiro likhoza kusinthidwa mosalekeza mkati mwa malo ogwirira ntchito, m'malo mongokhala ndi liwiro lokhazikika - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri posinthira ku kuuma kwa granite ndi zofunikira zodulira.​

• Kuwunika Nthawi Yeniyeni: Dongosololi limayang'anira magawo ofunikira ogwirira ntchito (monga liwiro la spindle, kutentha kwa coolant, ndi momwe mabuleki alili) nthawi yeniyeni. Ngati papezeka vuto (monga kuchuluka kwa coolant kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa spindle), dongosololi limayambitsa alamu ndikuyimitsa makinawo ngati pakufunika kutero— kuonetsetsa kuti makinawo akugwira ntchito bwino komanso mokhazikika.