Gawo Lobisika mu Zida za Semiconductor: Zimene Maziko a Granite Amachitadi

Tsegulani chipinda cha makina owunikira a wafer, CMM, kapena nsanja ya laser ya femtosecond, ndipo pansi pa ma optics ndi magawo oyenda, pali chidutswa cha mwala wakuda chomwe chikugwira ntchito chete komanso yosakongola. Sichimawonekera muzinthu zotsatsa za zidazo. Palibe amene amachiwonetsa pa chiwonetsero cha malonda. Koma ngati sichikhala chokhazikika, palibe china chilichonse chomwe chili chofunikira mu makinawo.

Chifukwa chiyani makina oyenda amafunikira maziko "osafa"

Zipangizo zolondola — zida zoyezera zithunzi za dual-axis, matebulo a XY, nsanja zamagalimoto zolunjika,makina owunikira zida— onse ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe n'chosavuta kunyalanyaza: maziko ayenera kukhala opanda mphamvu pamakina komanso kutentha poyerekeza ndi chilichonse chomwe chikuyenda pamwamba pake. Mainjiniya nthawi zina amatcha izi kuti ndi "zakufa", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizimveka bwino, sizimasinthasintha, ndipo sizimakula mofanana pamene zida zozungulira zimatentha panthawi yogwira ntchito.

Granite imagwira ntchito imeneyi pazifukwa zingapo. Kuchuluka kwake kwamphamvu kumapereka mawonekedwe amphamvu ogwedera, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pazida zomwe zili pafupi ndi malo opangira zinthu okhala ndi ma forklift, ma conveyor motors, kapena zida zina zamakina zomwe zikuyenda pafupi. Kapangidwe kake ka kristalo kamalimbananso ndi mtundu wa kugwedezeka kwa nthawi yayitali komwe zitsulo zina ndi zinthu zina zophatikizika zimawonetsa pansi pa katundu wokhazikika - maziko a granite omwe ali ndi gantry pamalo omwewo kwa zaka zisanu, kwenikweni, ayenera kuyeza chimodzimodzi pa tsiku 1,825 monga momwe adachitira pa tsiku loyamba.

Kumene izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni

Mndandanda wa ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito maziko ndi ma assemblies a granite wakula kwambiri kuposa ma lab achikhalidwe owerengera metrology:

• Zipangizo zoyendetsera ndi kuyang'anira za semiconductor, komwe malo ogwirira ntchito pamlingo wa nanometer amadalira maziko omwe samayenda ndi kutentha kwa mlengalenga.
• Kuboola kwa PCB ndi makina opangira zinthu kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, komwe kulondola kwa malo a spindle pamwamba pa tebulo lalikulu logwirira ntchito kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa zinthu.
• Makina oyezera ogwirizana (CMM) ndi zida zoyezera za mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, komwe pamwamba pa granite nthawi zambiri pamakhala ngati mzere woyerekeza wa zero pa muyeso uliwonse wotsatira.
• AOI (kuwunika kwa otomatiki kwa kuwala) ndi makina a CT/X-ray a mafakitale, komwe kukhazikika kwa makina kumakhudza kulondola kwa kulembetsa zithunzi.
• Mizere yatsopano yowunikira mphamvu ndi mabatire, pulogalamu yatsopano koma yomwe ikukula mwachangu pamene opanga mabatire akugwiritsa ntchito njira zolimba zowunikira maselo ndi ma module.
• Zipangizo zoyezera za mzere ndi zoyezera za mpira, komwe maziko a granite okha ndi gawo la unyolo woyezera.

Mu machitidwe ambiri awa, gawo la granite siligulitsidwa ngati chinthu chomalizidwa kwa kasitomala womaliza - ndi gawo laling'ono lomwe wopanga zida amaliphatikiza mu makina akuluakulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kulekerera kwa stack ndikofunikira: kusalala, kufanana, ndi mawonekedwe a sikweya pa maziko a granite zimafalikira mwachindunji ku kulondola komaliza komwe wopanga zida angalengeze kwa makasitomala awo.

Tsatanetsatane wa msonkhano womwe umanyalanyazidwa

Maziko a granite nthawi zambiri samabwera ngati miyala yaiwisi. Ntchito zambiri zolondola zimafuna zoikamo zitsulo, matumba onyamula mpweya, ulusi woikira, kapena zinthu zina zolumikizidwa — masensa, njanji, kapena mabulaketi — zolumikizidwa pa granite isanafike kwa wopanga zida. Gawo lokonzekerali nthawi zambiri limachitika pamalo olamulidwa, popeza fumbi kapena kusintha kwa kutentha panthawi yolumikizana kumatha kuyambitsa kusakhazikika komwe granite idasankhidwa kuti ichotse poyamba.

Kwa omanga zida omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi, mafunso ofunika kufunsa kwa ogulitsa ndi ochepa okhudza mtundu wa mwalawo koma zambiri zokhudza kuwongolera njira: Kodi kutentha kogwirira ntchito kuli kotani pamalo osonkhanitsira? Ndi zida ziti zoyezera zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndi zosalala musanatumize, ndipo kodi zidazo zitha kutsatiridwa ku bungwe la dziko lonse la metrology? Kodi chidutswacho chimapakidwa bwanji ndikusungidwa kuti chinyamulidwe, popeza maziko a granite amatha kulemera matani angapo ndipo kugwedezeka kamodzi panthawi yotumiza kumatha kuyambitsa mng'alu wosawoneka ndi maso koma wowonekera pambuyo pake?

Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimasiyanitsa maziko a granite omwe amasunga mawonekedwe ake kwa zaka khumi ndi omwe amawononga pang'onopang'ono kulondola kwa makina mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.