Kodi kuipa kwa granite mumakampani opanga ma semiconductor ndi kotani?

Ngakhale granite ndi imodzi mwa zipangizo zofunika kwambiri, imafunikanso kusamala kwambiri komanso kudalirika kwambiri mumakampani opanga zinthu zamagetsi, koma makhalidwe ake amabweretsanso zoletsa zina. Izi ndi zovuta zake zazikulu komanso zovuta zake pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zothandiza:
Choyamba, zinthuzo ndi zofooka kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzikonza
Kuopsa kwa kusweka: Granite kwenikweni ndi mwala wachilengedwe wokhala ndi ming'alu yachilengedwe komanso malire a tinthu ta mchere mkati, ndipo ndi chinthu chofala chomwe chimasweka. Mu makina opangidwa mwaluso kwambiri (monga kupukutira pang'ono ndi kukonza malo ozungulira), ngati mphamvuyo si yofanana kapena magawo ogwirira ntchito sali oyenera, mavuto monga kusweka ndi kufalikira kwa microcrack nthawi zambiri amapezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ichotsedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu: Kuti tipewe kusweka kwa ming'alu, njira zapadera monga kupukusa mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito mawilo opukusa diamondi ndi kupukuta kwa magnetorheological ndizofunikira. Nthawi yopukusa zinthu ndi yayitali ndi 30% mpaka 50% kuposa ya zipangizo zachitsulo, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika zinthuzo ndi zapamwamba (mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa malo opangira makina olumikizirana asanu umaposa mayuan 10 miliyoni).
Zofooka zovuta pa kapangidwe kake: N'zovuta kupanga nyumba zopepuka zopanda kanthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zinthu, zopangira zinthu ndi zina. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mawonekedwe osavuta monga mbale ndi maziko, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumakhala kochepa pazida zomwe zimafuna zothandizira zosakhazikika kapena kuphatikiza mapaipi amkati.
Chachiwiri, kuchulukana kwambiri kumabweretsa katundu wolemera pazida
Kuvuta kuigwira ndi kuiyika: Kuchuluka kwa granite ndi pafupifupi 2.6-3.0 g/cm³, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 1.5-2 kuposa chitsulo chopangidwa pansi pa voliyumu yomweyo. Mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa maziko a granite a makina ojambulira zithunzi kumatha kufika matani 5 mpaka 10, zomwe zimafuna zida zonyamulira zapadera komanso maziko osagwedezeka, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo womanga fakitale ndi zida.
Kuchedwa kwa mphamvu: Kulephera kwakukulu kumachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magawo osuntha a zida (monga ma robot osinthira ma wafer). Muzochitika zomwe kuyambitsidwa ndi kuyimitsidwa mwachangu kumafunika (monga zida zowunikira mwachangu), zitha kusokoneza kayendedwe ka ntchito ndikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito.
Chachitatu, mtengo wokonza ndi kubwerezabwereza ndi wokwera
Zolakwika zimakhala zovuta kuzikonza: Ngati kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba kapena kuwonongeka kwa kugundana kumachitika panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, ziyenera kubwezedwa ku fakitale kuti zikakonzedwe kudzera mu zida zaukadaulo zopera, zomwe sizingasamalidwe mwachangu pamalopo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zigawo zachitsulo zimatha kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo kudzera mu njira monga kulumikiza malo ndi laser cladding, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yogwira ntchito ikhale yochepa.
Kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kwakutali: Kusiyana kwa mitsempha yachilengedwe ya granite kungayambitse kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa zinthu zakuthupi (monga kutentha kwa coefficient ndi damping ratio) za magulu osiyanasiyana. Ngati kapangidwe ka zida kasintha, zinthu zakuthupi ziyenera kufananizidwanso, ndipo nthawi yotsimikizira kafukufuku ndi chitukuko imakhala yayitali.
Iv. Zosowa Zochepa ndi Mavuto Okhudza Zachilengedwe
Mwala wachilengedwe sungathe kubwezeretsedwanso: Granite yapamwamba kwambiri (monga "Jinan Green" ndi "Sesame Black" yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu semiconductors) imadalira mitsempha inayake, ili ndi malo ochepa osungira ndipo migodi yake imaletsedwa ndi mfundo zoteteza chilengedwe. Pamene makampani opanga semiconductor akukulirakulira, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zopangira zosakhazikika.
Mavuto okhudza kuipitsidwa kwa madzi: Pakudula ndi kupukusa, fumbi lalikulu la granite (lomwe lili ndi silicon dioxide) limapangidwa. Ngati siligwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, lingayambitse silicosis. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi otayira amafunika kutsukidwa ndi dothi asanatulutsidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zotetezera chilengedwe ziwonjezeke.
Zisanu. Kusagwirizana kokwanira ndi njira zatsopano
Zoletsa za malo osungira mpweya: Njira zina za semiconductor (monga vacuum coating ndi electron beam lithography) zimafuna kuti mpweya ukhale wochuluka mkati mwa chipangizocho. Komabe, ma micro-pores pamwamba pa granite amatha kuyamwa mamolekyu a mpweya, omwe amatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikukhudza kukhazikika kwa mpweya. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chowonjezera cha pamwamba (monga resin impregnation) ndichofunikira.
Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa maginito ndi maginito: Granite ndi chinthu chotetezera kutentha. Muzochitika zomwe magetsi osasunthika kapena chitetezo cha maginito chikufunika (monga nsanja zotsatsira maginito ndi maginito), zokutira zachitsulo kapena mafilimu oyendetsera magetsi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kovuta komanso mtengo wake ukhale wokwera.
Njira yothanirana ndi mavuto a makampani
Ngakhale kuti pali zofooka zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, makampani opanga zinthu zamagetsi asintha pang'ono zofooka za granite kudzera muukadaulo watsopano:

Kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake: Kamagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa "maziko a granite + chimango chachitsulo", poganizira kulimba komanso kupepuka (mwachitsanzo, wopanga makina ena opanga zithunzi amaika kapangidwe ka uchi wa aluminiyamu m'munsi mwa granite, kuchepetsa kulemera ndi 40%).
Zipangizo zina zopangira: Pangani zinthu zopangidwa ndi ceramic matrix composites (monga silicon carbide ceramics) ndi miyala yopangira yopangidwa ndi epoxy resin kuti iyerekezere kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kukana kugwedezeka kwa granite, pamene ikuwonjezera kusinthasintha kwa kukonza.
Ukadaulo wanzeru wokonza zinthu: Mwa kuyambitsa ma algorithms a AI kuti akonze njira yokonza zinthu, kuyerekezera kupsinjika kuti alosere zoopsa za ming'alu, komanso kuphatikiza kuzindikira pa intaneti kuti asinthe magawo nthawi yeniyeni, kuchuluka kwa zotsalira zokonza zinthu kwachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 5% kufika pansi pa 1%.
Chidule
Zofooka za granite mumakampani opanga ma semiconductor zimachokera ku masewera pakati pa zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mafakitale. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zina, zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatha kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kukhala "zigawo zoyambira zosasinthika" (monga ma hydrostatic guide rails a makina opanga ma photolithography ndi nsanja zoyezera molondola kwambiri), pomwe pang'onopang'ono zimapatsa mpata zipangizo zosinthira kwambiri muzinthu zosafunikira kwenikweni. M'tsogolomu, momwe mungagwirizanitsire ntchito, mtengo ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu zidzakhala nkhani yomwe makampani akupitiliza kufufuza.