N’chifukwa chiyani mapulaneti a granite apamwamba kwambiri amadalirabe kupukutidwa ndi manja?

Pakupanga zinthu molondola, komwe micron iliyonse imafunikira, ungwiro si cholinga chokha - ndi ntchito yopitilira. Kugwira ntchito kwa zida zapamwamba monga makina oyezera ogwirizana (CMMs), zida zowunikira, ndi makina ojambulira a semiconductor kumadalira kwambiri maziko amodzi chete koma ofunikira: nsanja ya granite. Kusalala kwake pamwamba kumatanthauza malire a muyeso wa dongosolo lonselo. Ngakhale makina apamwamba a CNC akulamulira mizere yamakono yopangira, gawo lomaliza lofikira kulondola kwa sub-micron m'mapulatifomu a granite likudalirabe manja a akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito.

Izi si zinthu zakale — ndi mgwirizano wodabwitsa pakati pa sayansi, uinjiniya, ndi luso. Kupera ndi manja kumayimira gawo lomaliza komanso losavuta kwambiri la kupanga zinthu molondola, komwe palibe makina omwe angalowe m'malo mwa luso la anthu lolinganiza, kukhudza, ndi kuwona bwino lomwe lakonzedwa kudzera mu zaka zambiri zoyeserera.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimachititsa kuti kupukusa ndi manja kukhale kosasinthika ndi kuthekera kwake kwapadera kokonza zinthu mosinthasintha komanso kukhala kosalala. Makina a CNC, ngakhale atapita patsogolo bwanji, amagwira ntchito mkati mwa malire olondola a njira zake zoyendetsera zinthu komanso makina ake. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupukusa ndi manja kumatsatira njira yobwezera nthawi yeniyeni - kuzungulira kosalekeza kwa kuyeza, kusanthula, ndi kukonza. Akatswiri aluso amagwiritsa ntchito zida monga ma level amagetsi, ma autocollimator, ndi ma laser interferometers kuti azindikire kupotoka kwa mphindi, kusintha kuthamanga ndi kayendedwe kake poyankha. Njira yobwerezabwerezayi imawalola kuchotsa nsonga zazing'ono kwambiri ndi zigwa pamwamba, kukwaniritsa kusalala kwapadziko lonse komwe makina amakono sangakonzenso.

Kupatula kulondola, kupukusa ndi manja kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa kupsinjika kwamkati. Granite, monga chinthu chachilengedwe, imasunga mphamvu zamkati kuchokera ku mapangidwe a geological ndi ntchito zopanga. Kudula mwamphamvu kwamakina kungasokoneze mgwirizano wofewa uwu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, kupukusa ndi manja kumachitika pansi pa kupsinjika kochepa komanso kutentha kochepa. Gawo lililonse limagwiridwa ntchito mosamala, kenako limapumulidwa ndikuyesedwa kwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo. Kayendedwe kake pang'onopang'ono komanso koyenera kamalola kuti zinthuzo zitulutse kupsinjika mwachilengedwe, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake kamakhala kolimba kwa zaka zambiri.

Chotsatira china chofunikira kwambiri cha kupukusa ndi manja ndi kupanga malo osakanikirana ndi maso — mawonekedwe ofanana opanda kukondera kolunjika. Mosiyana ndi kupukusa ndi makina, komwe nthawi zambiri kumasiya zizindikiro zopindika, njira zamanja zimagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe olamulidwa, ozungulira mbali zosiyanasiyana monga chifaniziro-eyiti ndi kukwapula kozungulira. Zotsatira zake ndi malo okhala ndi kukangana kosalekeza komanso kubwerezabwereza mbali iliyonse, kofunikira kuti muyeso wolondola komanso kuyenda bwino kwa zigawo panthawi yogwira ntchito molondola.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusagwirizana kwachilengedwe kwa kapangidwe ka granite kumafuna chidziwitso cha anthu. Granite imakhala ndi mchere monga quartz, feldspar, ndi mica, iliyonse imasiyana mu kuuma. Makina amawapera mosasamala, nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti mchere wofewa uwonongeke mwachangu pomwe wolimba umatuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pang'ono. Amisiri aluso amatha kumva kusiyana kumeneku kudzera mu chida chopera, mwachibadwa amasintha mphamvu zawo ndi luso lawo kuti apange mawonekedwe ofanana, olimba, komanso osawonongeka.

Mwachidule, luso lopera ndi manja si njira yobwerera m'mbuyo koma ndi chithunzi cha luso la anthu pa zipangizo zolondola. Limalumikiza kusiyana pakati pa kupanda ungwiro kwachilengedwe ndi ungwiro wopangidwa. Makina a CNC amatha kudula molemera mwachangu komanso mosasinthasintha, koma ndi munthu amene amapereka mphamvu yomaliza - kusintha miyala yaiwisi kukhala chida cholondola chomwe chingathe kufotokoza malire a metrology yamakono.

Kusankha nsanja ya granite yopangidwa ndi manja si nkhani yachikhalidwe chokha; ndi ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito pokonza molondola, kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kudalirika komwe kumapirira nthawi. Kumbuyo kwa malo aliwonse a granite osalala bwino kuli luso ndi kuleza mtima kwa akatswiri omwe amapanga miyala mpaka kufika pamlingo wa ma microns - kutsimikizira kuti ngakhale munthawi ya automation, dzanja la munthu limakhalabe chida cholondola kwambiri kuposa zonse.