Granite ndi mtundu wa miyala ya igneous yomwe imakumbidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, kuchuluka kwake, kulimba kwake, komanso kukana dzimbiri. Koma granite imagwiranso ntchito mosiyanasiyana - sikuti imangokhala ya masikweya ndi ma rectangles okha! Ndipotu, timagwira ntchito molimbika ndi zigawo za granite zomwe zimapangidwa m'mawonekedwe, ma angles, ndi ma curve amitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse - ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
Kudzera mu kukonza kwathu kwamakono, malo odulidwa amatha kukhala athyathyathya kwambiri. Makhalidwe amenewa amapangitsa granite kukhala chinthu choyenera kupanga maziko a makina a kukula koyenera komanso kapangidwe kake komanso zigawo za metrology. Granite ndi:
■ makina opangidwa
■ yathyathyathya bwino ikadulidwa ndi kumalizidwa
■ osagwira dzimbiri
■ yolimba
■ nthawi yayitali
Zigawo za granite ndizosavuta kuyeretsa. Mukamapanga mapangidwe apadera, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha granite chifukwa cha ubwino wake wapamwamba.

ZOFUNIKA KUGWIRA NTCHITO MIYEZO / ZOVALA KWAMBIRI
Granite yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ZHHIMG pazinthu zathu zodziwika bwino za pamwamba pa mbale ili ndi kuchuluka kwa quartz, komwe kumapereka kukana kwambiri kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka. Mitundu yathu Yakuda Kwambiri ili ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa ma geji anu olondola kuti azizizira mukayika pa mbale. Mitundu ya granite yomwe imaperekedwa ndi ZHHIMG imapangitsa kuti kuwala kusamawonekere kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maso sagwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mbale. Tasankha mitundu yathu ya granite pamene tikuganizira za kukulitsa kutentha kuti tichepetse izi.

MAPHUNZIRO OKONZEDWA MWACHILENGEDWE
Ngati pulogalamu yanu ikufuna mbale yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, zoyikamo ulusi, mipata kapena makina ena, muyenera kusankha chinthu monga Black Jinan Black. Zinthu zachilengedwezi zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zimateteza kugwedezeka kwambiri, komanso zimathandizira makina kukhala bwino.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mtundu wokha si chizindikiro cha khalidwe la mwalawo. Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa granite umagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa mchere, zomwe sizingakhudze makhalidwe omwe amapanga zinthu zabwino pamwamba pa mbale. Pali granite ya pinki, imvi, ndi yakuda yomwe ndi yabwino kwambiri pamapepala apamwamba, komanso granite yakuda, imvi, ndi pinki yomwe siiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molondola. Makhalidwe ofunikira a granite, monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ngati zinthu pamwamba pa mbale, alibe chochita ndi mtundu, ndipo ndi awa:
■ Kuuma (kupotoka pansi pa katundu - komwe kumasonyezedwa ndi Modulus of Elasticity)
■ Kuuma
■ Kuchulukana
■ Kukana kuvala
■ Kukhazikika
■ Kutupa kwa ziwalo

Tayesa zinthu zambiri za granite ndikuyerekeza zinthuzi. Pomaliza tapeza zotsatira zake, granite wakuda wa Jinan ndiye chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe tidadziwapo. Granite wakuda waku India ndi granite waku South Africa ndi ofanana ndi Jinan Black Granite, koma mawonekedwe awo enieni ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi Jinan Black Granite. ZHHIMG ipitiliza kufunafuna zinthu zambiri za granite padziko lonse lapansi ndikuyerekeza mawonekedwe awo enieni.

Kuti mumve zambiri za granite yoyenera ntchito yanu, chonde titumizireni uthenga.info@zhhimg.com.

Opanga osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito miyezo yosiyanasiyana. Pali miyezo yambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
DIN Standard, ASME B89.3.7-2013 kapena Federal Specification GGG-P-463c (Granite Surface Plates) ndi zina zotero monga maziko a specifications zawo.

Ndipo tikhoza kupanga mbale yowunikira yolondola ya granite malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. Takulandirani kuti mulumikizane nafe ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza miyezo yambiri.

Kusalala kungaganizidwe ngati mfundo zonse pamwamba zili mkati mwa magawo awiri ofanana, gawo loyambira ndi gawo la denga. Kuyeza mtunda pakati pa magawo ndi kusalala konse kwa pamwamba. Kuyeza kumeneku kumakhala ndi kulekerera ndipo kungaphatikizepo chizindikiro cha giredi.

Mwachitsanzo, kulekerera kwa flatness kwa magiredi atatu okhazikika kumafotokozedwa mu statement ya federal monga momwe zakhazikitsidwira ndi formula yotsatirayi:
■ Giredi ya Laboratory AA = (40 + yopingasa sikweya/25) x .000001" (ya mbali imodzi)
■ Kuyang'anira Giredi A = Giredi ya Laboratory AA x 2
■ Chipinda cha Chida Giredi B = Giredi ya Laboratory AA x 4.

Pa ma plates okhazikika a pamwamba, tikutsimikizira kuti ma plates osalala amapitilira zomwe zimafunikira pa izi. Kuphatikiza pa kusalala, ASME B89.3.7-2013 & Federal Specification GGG-P-463c akufotokoza mitu kuphatikizapo: kulondola kobwerezabwereza muyeso, mawonekedwe a granite pamwamba pa plate, kutha kwa pamwamba, malo othandizira, kuuma, njira zovomerezeka zowunikira, kukhazikitsa zoyikapo ulusi, ndi zina zotero.

Ma granite pamwamba pa ZHHIMG ndi ma granite oyang'anira ma granite amakwaniritsa kapena kupitirira zofunikira zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa mu izi. Pakadali pano, palibe mfundo yeniyeni ya ma granite angle plates, parallels, kapena master squares.

Ndipo mungapeze njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito miyezo muTSITSANI.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusunga mbaleyo kukhala yoyera. Fumbi loyabwa lochokera mumlengalenga nthawi zambiri limakhala gwero lalikulu la kuwonongeka ndi kung'ambika pa mbale, chifukwa limakonda kulowa m'zigawo zogwirira ntchito ndi malo olumikizirana a gages. Chachiwiri, phimbani mbale yanu kuti muiteteze ku fumbi ndi kuwonongeka. Nthawi yovala ikhoza kukulitsidwa mwa kuphimba mbaleyo pamene sikugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa kuzunguliza mbaleyo nthawi ndi nthawi kuti malo amodzi asagwiritsidwe ntchito mopitirira muyeso, komanso mwa kusintha ma contact pads achitsulo poyesa ndi ma carbide pads. Komanso, pewani kuyika chakudya kapena zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi pa mbaleyo. Dziwani kuti zakumwa zambiri zoziziritsa kukhosi zimakhala ndi carbonic kapena phosphoric acid, zomwe zimatha kusungunula mchere wofewa ndikusiya mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pake.

Izi zimadalira momwe mbale ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Ngati n'kotheka, tikukulimbikitsani kuyeretsa mbale kumayambiriro kwa tsiku (kapena nthawi yogwira ntchito) komanso kumapeto. Ngati mbaleyo yadetsedwa, makamaka ndi mafuta kapena madzi omatira, iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Tsukani mbale nthawi zonse ndi madzi kapena ZHHIMG Waterless surface plate cleaner. Kusankha njira zotsukira ndikofunikira. Ngati chosungunulira chosasunthika chikugwiritsidwa ntchito (acetone, lacquer thinner, alcohol, ndi zina zotero) nthunzi idzaziziritsa pamwamba pake, ndikuyipotoza. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kulola mbaleyo kuti ibwerere mwakale musanagwiritse ntchito kapena zolakwika zoyezera zingachitike.

Nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti mbaleyo isinthe imasintha malinga ndi kukula kwa mbaleyo, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuzizira. Ola limodzi liyenera kukhala lokwanira mbale zazing'ono. Maola awiri angafunike mbale zazikulu. Ngati chotsukira chogwiritsa ntchito madzi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, padzakhalanso kuzizira kochokera mu nthunzi.

Mbaleyi imasunganso madzi, ndipo izi zingayambitse dzimbiri pazigawo zachitsulo zikakhudzana ndi pamwamba pake. Otsukira ena amasiyanso zotsalira zomata zikauma, zomwe zimakopa fumbi louluka, ndipo kwenikweni zimawonjezera kuwonongeka, m'malo mochepetsa.

Izi zimadalira momwe mbaleyo imagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso malo omwe ili. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mbale yatsopano kapena chowonjezera cha granite cholondola chilandire kukonzedwanso kwathunthu mkati mwa chaka chimodzi mutagula. Ngati mbale ya granite pamwamba pake igwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kungakhale koyenera kufupikitsa nthawiyi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kuyang'ana pamwezi kuti muwone zolakwika zobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito mulingo wamagetsi, kapena chipangizo chofananacho kudzawonetsa malo aliwonse omwe akuwonongeka ndipo zimatenga mphindi zochepa kuti zichitike. Pambuyo poti zotsatira za kukonzedwanso koyamba zapezeka, nthawi yowerengera ikhoza kukulitsidwa kapena kufupikitsidwa monga momwe dongosolo lanu lamkati limaloleza kapena kufunikira.

Tikhoza kukupatsani chithandizo chokuthandizani kuyang'ana ndikukonza mbale yanu ya granite pamwamba.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kusiyana pakati pa ma calibration:

• Pamwamba pake panatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ozizira musanayesedwe, ndipo sanapatsidwe nthawi yokwanira kuti zinthu zisinthe.
• Mbaleyi siithandizidwa bwino
• Kusintha kwa kutentha
• Ma drafti
• Kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kapena kutentha kwina kowala pamwamba pa mbaleyo. Onetsetsani kuti magetsi a pamwamba sakutenthetsa pamwamba pake.
• Kusintha kwa kutentha koyima pakati pa nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe (Ngati n'kotheka, dziwani kutentha koyima panthawi yomwe kuyesedwa kumachitika.)
• Mbale siipatsidwa nthawi yokwanira kuti isinthe pambuyo potumiza
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira molakwika kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosagwiritsidwa ntchito
• Kusintha kwa pamwamba chifukwa cha kuvala

Kodi ndi mitundu ingati ya mabowo pa granite yolondola?

Mipata pa Zigawo za Granite Yoyenera

Kwa mafakitale ambiri, zipinda zowunikira ndi ma laboratories, ma granite pamwamba pa nthaka olondola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a muyeso wolondola. Chifukwa muyeso uliwonse wolunjika umadalira malo olondola omwe miyeso yomaliza imatengedwa, ma plate pamwamba amapereka malo abwino kwambiri owunikira ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake asanayambe kupangidwa. Ndi maziko abwino kwambiri opangira miyeso ya kutalika ndi malo owunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, kusalala kwambiri, kukhazikika, khalidwe lonse komanso luso lapamwamba zimapangitsa kuti zikhale chisankho chabwino chokhazikitsa makina apamwamba, zamagetsi komanso owunikira. Pa njira iliyonse yoyezera iyi, ndikofunikira kusunga ma plate pamwamba pa nthaka ali olondola.

Kubwereza Miyeso ndi Kusalala

Kuyeza kwa kusalala ndi kubwerezabwereza ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti malo awoneke bwino. Kusalala kumatha kuonedwa ngati mfundo zonse pamwamba zili mkati mwa magawo awiri ofanana, gawo loyambira ndi gawo la denga. Kuyeza mtunda pakati pa mapepala ndi kusalala konse kwa pamwamba. Kuyeza kwa kusalala kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi kulekerera ndipo kungaphatikizepo chizindikiro cha giredi.

Kulekerera kwa flatness kwa magiredi atatu okhazikika kumafotokozedwa mu statement ya federal monga momwe zakhazikitsidwira ndi fomula iyi:

Muyezo wa DIN, Muyezo wa GB, Muyezo wa ASME, Muyezo wa JJS... dziko losiyana ndi malo osiyana...

Zambiri zokhudza muyezo.

Kuwonjezera pa kusalala, kubwerezabwereza kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Kuyeza mobwerezabwereza ndi muyeso wa madera osalala am'deralo. Ndi muyeso womwe umatengedwa kulikonse pamwamba pa mbale womwe udzabwerezedwa mkati mwa kulolera komwe kwanenedwa. Kulamulira kusalala kwa malo am'deralo kukhala kolimba kuposa kusalala konse kumatsimikizira kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe osalala pamwamba, motero kuchepetsa zolakwika zam'deralo.

Kuti atsimikizire kuti mbale ya pamwamba ikukumana ndi zofunikira zonse ziwiri za kusalala komanso zoyezera mobwerezabwereza, opanga ma granite pamwamba ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito Federal Specification GGG-P-463c ngati maziko a zofunikira zawo. Muyezo uwu umafotokoza kulondola kwa kuyeza mobwerezabwereza, mawonekedwe a granite pamwamba pa mbale, kutha kwa pamwamba, malo othandizira, kuuma, njira zovomerezeka zowunikira ndi kukhazikitsa zoyikamo ulusi.

Kuwona Kulondola kwa Mbale

Potsatira malangizo ochepa osavuta, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa granite pamwamba pa mbale ziyenera kukhala zaka zambiri. Kutengera momwe mbale imagwiritsidwira ntchito, malo ogulitsira komanso kulondola komwe kumafunika, kuchuluka kwa nthawi yowunikira kulondola kwa mbale pamwamba kumasiyana. Lamulo lalikulu ndilakuti mbale yatsopano ilandire kukonzedwanso kwathunthu mkati mwa chaka chimodzi mutagula. Ngati mbaleyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndibwino kufupikitsa nthawi imeneyi kufika pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Chipinda chapamwamba chisanawonongeke kwambiri kuposa momwe chimafunikira kuti chikhale chosalala, chimawonetsa nsanamira zosweka kapena zozungulira. Kuyang'ana mwezi uliwonse kuti mudziwe zolakwika zoyezera mobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza kudzazindikira malo osweka. Gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza ndi chida cholondola kwambiri chomwe chimazindikira cholakwika chapafupi ndipo chitha kuwonetsedwa pa amplifier yamagetsi yokulitsa kwambiri.

Pulogalamu yowunikira bwino iyenera kuphatikizapo kufufuza pafupipafupi ndi autocollimator, kupereka kuwunikira kwenikweni kwa kusalala konse komwe kungatsatidwe ndi National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Kuwunikira kwathunthu ndi wopanga kapena kampani yodziyimira payokha ndikofunikira nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kusiyana Pakati pa Kuwerengera

Nthawi zina, pamakhala kusiyana pakati pa kuyeza kwa pamwamba pa mbale. Nthawi zina zinthu monga kusintha kwa pamwamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zida zowunikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosayezedwa zimatha kuyambitsa kusiyana kumeneku. Komabe, zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi chithandizo.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, pamwamba pake pakhoza kukhala kuti panatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ozizira musanayesedwe ndipo sanapatsidwe nthawi yokwanira kuti zinthu zisinthe. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa kutentha ndi monga mpweya wozizira kapena wotentha, kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, kuwala kwa pamwamba kapena magwero ena a kutentha kowala pamwamba pa mbaleyo.

Pakhozanso kukhala kusiyana kwa kutentha koyima pakati pa nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe. Nthawi zina, mbaleyo sipatsidwa nthawi yokwanira kuti isinthe kutentha ikatha. Ndibwino kulemba kutentha koyima panthawi yomwe kuyesedwa kumachitika.

Chifukwa china chofala cha kusintha kwa ma calibration ndi mbale yomwe siithandizidwa bwino. Mbale ya pamwamba iyenera kuthandizidwa pa mfundo zitatu, makamaka 20% ya kutalika kuchokera kumapeto kwa mbale. Zothandizira ziwiri ziyenera kukhala 20% ya m'lifupi kuchokera mbali zazitali, ndipo zothandizira zotsala ziyenera kukhala pakati.

Magawo atatu okha ndi omwe angayime bwino pa chilichonse kupatula malo olondola. Kuyesa kuthandizira mbaleyo pa mapointi opitilira atatu kudzapangitsa mbaleyo kulandira chithandizo chake kuchokera ku ma point atatu osiyanasiyana, omwe sadzakhala ma point atatu omwe adathandizidwa nawo panthawi yopanga. Izi zibweretsa zolakwika pamene mbaleyo ikupotoka kuti igwirizane ndi dongosolo latsopano lothandizira. Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito ma stand achitsulo okhala ndi matabwa othandizira opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi ma point oyenera othandizira. Ma stand a cholinga ichi nthawi zambiri amapezeka kwa wopanga ma plate apamwamba.

Ngati mbaleyo yathandizidwa bwino, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati pali njira yoifotokozera. Kulinganiza sikofunikira kuti mbaleyo ikhale yolondola.

Kukulitsa Moyo wa Mbale

Kutsatira malangizo angapo kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa granite pamwamba pa mbale ndipo pamapeto pake, kukulitsa moyo wake.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusunga mbaleyo kukhala yoyera. Fumbi lochokera mumlengalenga nthawi zambiri limakhala gwero lalikulu la kuwonongeka ndi kung'ambika kwa mbaleyo, chifukwa limakonda kulowa m'zida zogwirira ntchito komanso pamalo olumikizirana a ma gauge.

Ndikofunikanso kuphimba mbale kuti zitetezedwe ku fumbi ndi kuwonongeka. Nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito imatha kukulitsidwa pophimba mbaleyo ngati sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zungulirani mbale nthawi ndi nthawi kuti malo amodzi asagwiritsidwe ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Komanso, tikukulimbikitsani kuti musinthe ma contact pads achitsulo poyesa ndi ma carbide pads.

Pewani kuyika chakudya kapena zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi pa mbale. Zakumwa zambiri zoziziritsa kukhosi zimakhala ndi carbonic kapena phosphoric acid, zomwe zimatha kusungunula mchere wofewa ndikusiya mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba.

Komwe Mungabwererenso

Ngati mbale ya granite pamwamba ikufunika kukonzedwanso, ganizirani ngati ntchito imeneyi ichitike pamalopo kapena pamalo oyezera. Nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti mbaleyo ikonzedwenso ku fakitale kapena pamalo ena apadera. Komabe, ngati mbaleyo sinawonongeke kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa mainchesi 0.001 kuchokera pa kulekerera kofunikira, ikhoza kukonzedwanso pamalopo. Ngati mbale yavala mpaka kufika poti yapitirira mainchesi 0.001 kuchokera pa kulekerera kofunikira, kapena ngati yaphwanyika kwambiri kapena yawonongeka, ndiye kuti iyenera kutumizidwa ku fakitale kuti ikaphwanyidwe isanayambikenso.

Malo oyezera ali ndi zida ndi malo a fakitale zomwe zimapereka mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yoyezera bwino mbale ndikukonzanso ngati pakufunika kutero.

Muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha katswiri wokonza ndi kukonzanso malo omwe alipo. Pemphani kuti akupatseni chilolezo ndikutsimikizira kuti zida zomwe katswiriyo angagwiritse ntchito zili ndi njira yowunikira. Chidziwitso nachonso ndi chofunikira, chifukwa zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti muphunzire momwe mungapangire granite molondola.

Kuyeza kofunikira kumayamba ndi mbale yolondola ya granite pamwamba ngati maziko. Mwa kuonetsetsa kuti pali umboni wodalirika pogwiritsa ntchito mbale yolinganizidwa bwino, opanga ali ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri pakuyeza kodalirika komanso zida zabwino.Q

Mndandanda wa Kusanthula kwa Calibration

1. Pamwamba pake panatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ozizira musanayesedwe ndipo sanapatsidwe nthawi yokwanira kuti zinthu zisinthe.

2. Mbaleyi siithandizidwa bwino.

3. Kusintha kwa kutentha.

4. Ma drafti.

5. Kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kapena kutentha kwina kowala pamwamba pa mbaleyo. Onetsetsani kuti magetsi a pamwamba sakutenthetsa pamwamba pake.

6. Kusintha kwa kutentha koyima pakati pa nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe. Ngati n'kotheka, dziwani kutentha koyima panthawi yomwe kuyesedwa kumachitika.

7. Mbale siipatsidwa nthawi yokwanira kuti isinthe zinthu pambuyo potumiza.

8. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zida zowunikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

9. Kusintha kwa pamwamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka.

Malangizo a Ukadaulo

• Popeza muyeso uliwonse wa mzere umadalira malo olondola ofotokozera omwe miyeso yomaliza imatengedwa, ma plates apamwamba amapereka malo abwino kwambiri ofotokozera ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake asanayambe kupangidwa.
• Kulamulira kusalala kwa malo apafupi mpaka kulekerera kolimba kuposa kusalala konse kumatsimikizira kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe a kusalala pamwamba, motero kuchepetsa zolakwika za m'deralo.
• Pulogalamu yowunikira yogwira mtima iyenera kuphatikizapo kufufuza pafupipafupi ndi autocollimator, kupereka kuwunikira kwenikweni kwa kusalala konse komwe kungatsatidwe ndi National Inspection Authority.

Pakati pa tinthu ta mchere tomwe timapanga granite, opitilira 90% ndi feldspar ndi quartz, omwe feldspar ndiye ambiri. Feldspar nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyera, imvi, komanso yofiira ngati thupi, ndipo quartz nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda mtundu kapena yoyera ngati imvi, yomwe imapanga mtundu woyambira wa granite. Feldspar ndi quartz ndi mchere wolimba, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kusuntha ndi mpeni wachitsulo. Ponena za mawanga akuda mu granite, makamaka mica yakuda, palinso mchere wina. Ngakhale kuti biotite ndi yofewa, kuthekera kwake kupirira kupsinjika sikofooka, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi granite yochepa, nthawi zambiri osakwana 10%. Uwu ndiye mkhalidwe wazinthu zomwe granite imakhala yolimba kwambiri.

Chifukwa china chomwe granite ilili yolimba ndichakuti tinthu ta mchere timene timakhala tomangirana bwino ndipo timalowa mkati mwa wina ndi mnzake. Ma pores nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwana 1% ya kuchuluka konse kwa miyala. Izi zimapatsa granite mphamvu yopirira kupsinjika kwamphamvu ndipo chinyezi sichilowa mosavuta.

Zigawo za granite zimapangidwa ndi miyala yopanda dzimbiri, kukana asidi ndi alkali, kukana kuvala bwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali, palibe kukonza kwapadera. Zigawo zolondola za granite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zamafakitale. Chifukwa chake, zimatchedwa zigawo zolondola za granite kapena zigawo za granite. Makhalidwe a zigawo zolondola za granite ndi ofanana ndi a nsanja za granite. Chiyambi cha zida ndi muyeso wa zigawo zolondola za granite: Kukonza molondola ndi ukadaulo wa micro machining ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zopititsira patsogolo makampani opanga makina, ndipo zakhala chizindikiro chofunikira poyesa mulingo wapamwamba. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba ndi makampani oteteza sikusiyana ndi ukadaulo wolondola wa machining ndi micro-machining. Zigawo za granite zimatha kutsetsereka bwino muyeso, popanda kuima. Kuyeza pamwamba pa ntchito, kukanda konsekonse sikukhudza kulondola kwa muyeso. Zigawo za granite ziyenera kupangidwa ndikupangidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za mbali yofunikira.

Munda wofunsira:

Monga tonse tikudziwira, makina ndi zida zambiri zikusankha zigawo za granite zolondola.

Zigawo za granite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa zinthu modabwitsa, ma mota olunjika, cmm, cnc, makina a laser...

Takulandirani kuti mulankhule nafe kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Zipangizo zoyezera granite ndi zida zamakina za granite zimapangidwa ndi granite wakuda wa Jinan wapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kulondola kwawo kwakukulu, nthawi yayitali, kukhazikika bwino komanso kukana dzimbiri, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'ana zinthu zamafakitale amakono komanso madera asayansi monga malo oyendera ndege ndi kafukufuku wasayansi.

Ubwino

-----Kulimba kawiri kuposa chitsulo chosungunuka；

---- Kusintha kochepa kwa kukula kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha；

-----Wopanda kupotoza, kotero palibe kusokoneza ntchito；

-----Yopanda ma burrs kapena ma protrusions chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka tirigu wabwinobwino komanso kumamatira kosafunikira, komwe kumatsimikizira kuti imakhala yosalala kwambiri pa moyo wautali wautumiki ndipo sikuwononga ziwalo zina kapena zida zina;

-----Ntchito yopanda mavuto yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipangizo zamaginito;

-----Imakhala nthawi yayitali komanso yopanda dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zochepa zokonzera.

Mapepala olondola a granite pamwamba pake amalumikizidwa bwino kwambiri kuti akwaniritse kulondola ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko oyika makina apamwamba, zamagetsi, ndi zoyezera kuwala.

Zina mwa zinthu zapadera za granite pamwamba pa mbale:

Kufanana mu Kuuma;

Zolondola pansi pa katundu;

Choletsa Kugwedezeka;

Zosavuta Kuyeretsa;

Wosagwira Mapepala;

Kutsika kwa Porosity;

Osakwirira;

Osati Maginito

Ubwino wa Granite Surface Plate

Choyamba, thanthwe pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali ya ukalamba wachilengedwe, kapangidwe kofanana, koyefishienti yochepa, kupsinjika kwamkati kumatha kwathunthu, sikunasinthe, kotero kulondola kwake kumakhala kwakukulu.

Chachiwiri, sipadzakhala mikwingwirima, osati kutentha kosasinthasintha, kutentha kwa chipinda kumathanso kusunga kulondola kwa muyeso wa kutentha.

Chachitatu, osati maginito, muyeso ukhoza kukhala kuyenda kosalala, palibe kumverera kokweza, osakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi, ndegeyo ndi yokhazikika.

Chachinayi, kulimba kwake ndi kwabwino, kuuma kwake ndi kwakukulu, kukana kwake kukwiya ndi kwamphamvu.

Asanu, osaopa asidi, madzi amchere akukokoloka, sadzachita dzimbiri, sadzafunika kupaka mafuta, fumbi laling'ono silimamatira mosavuta, kukonza, kosavuta kusamalira, moyo wautali.

Bwanji kusankha maziko a granite m'malo mwa bedi la makina opangidwa ndi chitsulo?

1. Maziko a makina a granite amatha kukhala olondola kwambiri kuposa maziko a makina achitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo. Maziko a makina achitsulo chopangidwa ndi ...

2. Ndi kukula kofanana kwa maziko a makina a granite ndi maziko achitsulo choponyedwa, maziko a makina a granite ndi otsika mtengo kuposa chitsulo choponyedwa;

3. Maziko apadera a makina a granite ndi osavuta kuwamaliza kuposa maziko a makina achitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Ma granite surface plates ndi zida zofunika kwambiri m'ma lab owunikira mdziko lonselo. Malo olinganizidwa bwino komanso osalala kwambiri a plate surface amalola oyang'anira kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati maziko owunikira magawo ndi kuwunikira zida. Popanda kukhazikika komwe kumaperekedwa ndi ma plate surface, magawo ambiri ololeredwa bwino m'magawo osiyanasiyana aukadaulo ndi zamankhwala zingakhale zovuta kwambiri, kapena zosatheka, kupanga molondola. Zachidziwikire, kugwiritsa ntchito granite surface block kuti ayang'ane ndikuwunika zida zina ndi zida, kulondola kwa granite yokha kuyenera kuyesedwa. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuwunikira plate surface ya granite kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwake.

Tsukani mbale ya granite pamwamba musanayese kuyeretsa. Thirani pang'ono chotsukira mbale pamwamba pa nsalu yoyera komanso yofewa ndikupukuta pamwamba pa granite. Pukutani nthawi yomweyo chotsukira pamwamba pa mbale ndi nsalu youma. Musalole kuti madzi otsukirawo aume mpweya.

Ikani choyezera chobwerezabwereza pakati pa mbale ya granite pamwamba.

Ikani zero pa malo oyezera obwerezabwereza pamwamba pa mbale ya granite.

Yendetsani geji pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa granite. Yang'anirani chizindikiro cha gejiyo ndipo lembani nsonga za kutalika kulikonse pamene mukusuntha chidacho kudutsa mbaleyo.

Yerekezerani kusiyana kwa kusalala pamwamba pa mbale ndi kulekerera kwa mbale yanu pamwamba, komwe kumasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa mbale ndi mtundu wa kusalala wa granite. Onani zomwe boma la GGG-P-463c likunena (onani Zowonjezera) kuti mudziwe ngati mbale yanu ikukwaniritsa zofunikira za kusalala pa kukula kwake ndi mtundu wake. Kusiyana pakati pa mfundo yayikulu kwambiri pa mbale ndi mfundo yotsika kwambiri pa mbale ndi muyeso wake wa kusalala.

Onetsetsani kuti kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kuya pamwamba pa mbale kumagwera mkati mwa zomwe zimafunika kubwerezabwereza pa mbale ya kukula ndi giredi imeneyo. Onani zomwe boma la GGG-P-463c likunena (onani Zowonjezera) kuti mudziwe ngati mbale yanu ikukwaniritsa zofunikira kubwerezabwereza pa kukula kwake. Kanani mbale ya pamwamba ngati ngakhale mfundo imodzi yalephera zofunikira kubwerezabwereza.

Siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mbale ya granite pamwamba yomwe ikulephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za boma. Bwezerani mbaleyo kwa wopanga kapena ku kampani yopangira granite pamwamba kuti chipikacho chikonzedwenso kuti chikwaniritse zofunikira.

Langizo

Chitani ma calibrations ovomerezeka kamodzi pachaka, ngakhale kuti ma granite pamwamba pa matabwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ayenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi.

Kuyesa kovomerezeka komanso kolembedwa m'malo opangira kapena kuwunika nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi chitsimikizo cha khalidwe kapena wogulitsa ntchito zoyesa zakunja, ngakhale aliyense angagwiritse ntchito njira yoyezera mobwerezabwereza kuti ayang'ane mbale yapamwamba mwachisawawa asanagwiritse ntchito.

Mbiri Yakale ya Ma Granite Surface Plates

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse isanachitike, Opanga ankagwiritsa ntchito Mapepala Achitsulo Pamwamba pa Zitsulo poyang'ana mbali zake. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kufunika kwa chitsulo kunawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo Mapepala ambiri achitsulo anasungunuka. Panafunika kusinthidwa, ndipo Granite inakhala chinthu chosankhidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zapamwamba za metrological.

Ubwino wambiri wa granite kuposa chitsulo unaonekera. Granite ndi yolimba, ngakhale kuti ndi yopyapyala komanso imatha kusweka. Mutha kuipinda kuti ikhale yopyapyala kwambiri komanso yachangu kuposa chitsulo. Granite ilinso ndi mphamvu yabwino yokulitsa kutentha pang'ono poyerekeza ndi chitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mbale yachitsulo ikufunika kukonzedwa, imayenera kukwapulidwa ndi manja ndi akatswiri omwe amagwiritsanso ntchito luso lawo pokonzanso zida zamakina.

Monga chowonjezera, Mapepala ena achitsulo akugwiritsidwabe ntchito mpaka pano.

Katundu wa Granite Plates

Granite ndi mwala wa igneous womwe umapangidwa ndi kuphulika kwa mapiri. Poyerekeza, marble ndi miyala ya limestone yosinthika. Pogwiritsa ntchito metrology, granite yomwe yasankhidwa iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Federal Specification GGG-P-463c, kuyambira pano yotchedwa Fed Specs, ndipo makamaka, Gawo 3.1 3.1 Pakati pa Fed Specs, granite iyenera kukhala yopyapyala mpaka yapakatikati.

Granite ndi chinthu cholimba, koma kuuma kwake kumasiyana pazifukwa zingapo. Katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yokonza granite plate akhoza kuwerengera kuuma kwake potengera mtundu wake zomwe zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa quartz. Kuuma kwa granite ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimadziwika pang'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa quartz komanso kusowa kwa mica. Granite wofiira ndi pinki nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwambiri, imvi ndi kuuma kwapakati, ndipo wakuda ndi wofewa kwambiri.

Modulus ya Young's Elasticity imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza kusinthasintha kapena chizindikiro cha kuuma kwa mwalawo. Granite wa pinki amakhala ndi mapointi 3-5 pa sikelo, imvi ndi mapointi 5-7 ndipo wakuda ndi mapointi 7-10. Chiwerengero chaching'ono, granite imakhala yolimba kwambiri. Chiwerengero chachikulu, granite imakhala yofewa komanso yosinthasintha. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuuma kwa Granite posankha makulidwe ofunikira kuti muzitha kupirira komanso kulemera kwa zigawo ndi ma gauge omwe amayikidwapo.

Kale pamene panali akatswiri enieni a makina, odziwika ndi timabuku tawo ta tebulo m'matumba awo a malaya, granite wakuda ankaonedwa kuti ndi "Wabwino Kwambiri." Wabwino Kwambiri ankatanthauzidwa ngati mtundu womwe umapereka kukana kwambiri kuwonongeka kapena kukhala wovuta. Vuto limodzi ndilakuti granite wolimba nthawi zambiri amasweka mosavuta. Akatswiri a makina anali otsimikiza kuti granite wakuda ndiye wabwino kwambiri moti opanga ena a granite wa pinki ankaupaka utoto wakuda.

Ine ndekha ndaona mbale yomwe inatsitsidwa pa foloko pamene inachotsedwa ku malo osungira. Mbaleyo inagunda pansi ndipo inagawanika pakati kusonyeza mtundu weniweni wa pinki. Samalani ngati mukukonzekera kugula granite wakuda kuchokera ku China. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwononge ndalama zanu mwanjira ina. Mbale ya granite imatha kusiyanasiyana mu kuuma mkati mwake. Mzere wa quartz ukhoza kukhala wolimba kwambiri kuposa mbale yonse pamwamba. Gabbro wakuda wosanjikiza ungapangitse malo kukhala ofewa kwambiri. Akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito yokonza mbale pamwamba amadziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi malo ofewa awa.

Magiredi a Mbale Zapamwamba

Pali magiredi anayi a ma plate pamwamba. Ma grade AA ndi A a labotale, Room Inspection Giredi B, ndipo lachinayi ndi Workshop Giredi. Ma grade AA ndi A a Giredi ndi omwe ali ndi ma flat kwambiri okhala ndi ma tolerance osalala kuposa 0.00001 mu plate ya Giredi AA. Ma grade a Workshop ndi omwe ali ndi ma flat ochepa kwambiri ndipo monga dzinalo likusonyezera, amapangidwira kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zogwiritsira ntchito zida. Pamene Giredi AA, Giredi A ndi Giredi B amapangidwira kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu labotale yowunikira kapena yowunikira khalidwe.

PKuyesa kwa roper kwa Kuwerengera kwa Plate Yapamwamba

Nthawi zonse ndimauza makasitomala anga kuti nditha kutulutsa mwana aliyense wazaka 10 m'tchalitchi changa ndikumuphunzitsa m'masiku ochepa chabe momwe angayesere mbale. Sizovuta. Zimafunika njira ina kuti ntchitoyi ichitike mwachangu, njira zomwe munthu amaphunzira nthawi ndi nthawi komanso mobwerezabwereza. Ndiyenera kukudziwitsani, ndipo sindingathe kutsindika mokwanira, Fed Spec GGG-P-463c SI njira yowerengera! Zambiri za izi pambuyo pake.

Kuyang'anira kusalala konse (Mean Pane) ndi kubwerezabwereza (kuvekedwa komwe kulipo) ndikofunikira Malinga ndi Fed Specs. Chokhacho chosiyana ndi ichi ndi mbale zazing'ono pomwe kubwerezabwereza kumafunika kokha.

Komanso, monga momwe mayeso ena amayesera, ndi mayeso a kutentha kwa nthaka. (Onani Delta T pansipa)

Chithunzi 1

Kuyesa kwa Flatness kuli ndi njira 4 zovomerezeka. Ma level amagetsi, autocollimation, laser ndi chipangizo chodziwika kuti plane locator. Timagwiritsa ntchito ma level amagetsi okha chifukwa ndi njira yolondola komanso yachangu kwambiri pazifukwa zingapo.

Ma laser ndi ma autocollimator amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kolunjika kwambiri ngati chizindikiro. Munthu amayesa kulunjika kwa mbale ya granite pamwamba poyerekeza kusiyana kwa mtunda pakati pa mbale ya pamwamba ndi kuwala. Mwa kutenga kuwala kolunjika, n’kukugunda pa cholinga chowunikira pamene akusuntha cholinga chowunikira pansi pa mbale ya pamwamba, mtunda pakati pa kuwala kotuluka ndi kuwala kobwerera ndi muyeso wolunjika.

Vuto ndi njira iyi. Cholinga ndi gwero zimakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka, kutentha kwa malo, cholinga chosasalala kapena chokanda, kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya (mafunde). Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zina. Kuphatikiza apo, cholakwa cha wogwiritsa ntchito chimachokera ku macheke ndi autocollimator chimakhala chachikulu.

Munthu wodziwa bwino ntchito yogwiritsa ntchito autocollimator amatha kuyeza molondola koma amakumanabe ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kusinthasintha kwa mawerengedwe makamaka patali chifukwa kuwalako kumakulirakulira kapena kusokonezeka pang'ono. Komanso, cholinga chosasalala bwino komanso tsiku lonse loyang'ana kudzera mu lenzi kumabweretsa zolakwika zina.

Chipangizo chopezera ndege ndi chopusa. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kowongoka pang'ono (poyerekeza ndi kuwala kowongoka kwambiri kapena kuwala kwa laser) ngati chizindikiro chake. Chipangizochi sichimangogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha mainchesi 20 okha komanso kusawongoka kwa bala ndi zinthu zosiyana kumawonjezera zolakwika pakuyeza. Malinga ndi malingaliro athu, ngakhale njirayo ndi yovomerezeka, palibe labu yoyenerera yomwe ingagwiritse ntchito chipangizo chopezera ndege ngati chida chomaliza chowunikira.

Magawo amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka ngati chizindikiro chawo. Magawo osiyanasiyana amagetsi sakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka. Ali ndi resolution yotsika ngati .1 arc second ndipo miyeso yake ndi yachangu, yolondola ndipo palibe cholakwika chochokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito wodziwa bwino ntchito. Ma Plane Locators kapena ma autocollimators sapereka mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi kompyuta (Chithunzi 1) kapena ma isometric plots (Chithunzi 2) pamwamba.

Chithunzi 2

Kuyesa Kwabwino Kwambiri kwa Malo Ozungulira

Kuyesa koyenera kwa pamwamba ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la pepalali, ndikanayenera kuliyika pachiyambi. Monga tafotokozera kale, Fed Spec. GGG-p-463c SI njira yowerengera. Imagwira ntchito ngati chitsogozo cha mbali zambiri za granite ya grade metrology yomwe wogula wake akufuna kukhala ndi bungwe lililonse la Boma la Federal, ndipo izi zikuphatikizapo njira zoyesera ndi kulekerera kapena magiredi. Ngati kontrakitala akunena kuti amatsatira Fed Specs, ndiye kuti mtengo wa flatness uyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi Moody Method.

Moody anali munthu wakale kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma 50 amene adapanga njira ya masamu kuti adziwe kusalala konse ndikuwerengera momwe mizere yoyesedwa imayendera, ngati ili pafupi mokwanira pamalo omwewo. Palibe chomwe chasintha. Allied Signal anayesa kusintha njira ya masamu koma adatsimikiza kuti kusiyana kwake kunali kochepa kwambiri kotero kuti sikunali koyenera kuyesetsa.

Ngati katswiri wa pulasitiki pamwamba akugwiritsa ntchito Electronic Levels kapena laser, amagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kuti imuthandize ndi mawerengedwe. Popanda thandizo la kompyuta, katswiri wogwiritsa ntchito autocollimation ayenera kuwerengera kuwerenga ndi dzanja. Zoona zake n'zakuti, sizitero. Zimatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo zoona zake zingakhale zovuta kwambiri. Mu mayeso osalala pogwiritsa ntchito Moody Method, katswiriyo amayesa mizere isanu ndi itatu mu mawonekedwe a Union Jack kuti awone ngati ali owongoka.

Njira ya Moody

Njira ya Moody ndi njira ya masamu yodziwira ngati mizere isanu ndi itatu ili pa mzere umodzi. Kupanda kutero, muli ndi mizere 8 yolunjika yomwe ingakhale pa mzere umodzi kapena ayi. Kuphatikiza apo, kontrakitala amene amanena kuti amatsatira Fed Spec, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito autocollimation, iyeyenerapangani masamba asanu ndi atatu a deta. Tsamba limodzi pa mzere uliwonse lawunikidwa kuti litsimikizire mayeso ake, kukonza kwake, kapena zonse ziwiri. Kupanda kutero, kontrakitala sadziwa kuti mtengo weniweni wa flatness ndi wotani.

Ndikutsimikiza kuti ngati ndinu m'modzi mwa anthu omwe amakonza ma plate anu ndi kontrakitala pogwiritsa ntchito autocollimation, simunawonepo masamba amenewo! Chithunzi 3 ndi chitsanzo chachimodzi chokhatsamba la asanu ndi atatu lofunikira powerengera kusalala konse. Chizindikiro chimodzi cha kusadziwa kumeneko ndi kuipa ndichakuti lipoti lanu lili ndi manambala abwino ozungulira. Mwachitsanzo, 200, 400, 650, ndi zina zotero. Mtengo wowerengedwa bwino ndi nambala yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo 325.4 u In. Pamene kontrakitala akugwiritsa ntchito njira ya Moody yowerengera, ndipo katswiri akawerengera mitengoyo pamanja, muyenera kulandira masamba asanu ndi atatu a kuwerengera ndi chithunzi cha isometric. Chithunzi cha isometric chikuwonetsa kutalika kosiyanasiyana m'mizere yosiyanasiyana ndi mtunda wotani womwe umalekanitsa malo osankhidwa olumikizirana.

Chithunzi 3(Zimatenga masamba asanu ndi atatu ngati awa kuti muwerengere kusalala pamanja. Onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa chifukwa chake simukupeza izi ngati kontrakitala wanu akugwiritsa ntchito autocollimation!)

Chithunzi 4

Akatswiri a Dimensional Gauge amagwiritsa ntchito milingo yosiyana (Chithunzi 4) ngati zipangizo zomwe amakonda kuyeza kusintha kwa mphindi kuchokera pa siteshoni yoyezera kupita ku siteshoni. Ma milingowo ali ndi resolution yotsika mpaka masekondi .1 a arc (5 u mainchesi pogwiritsa ntchito sled ya 4″) ndi okhazikika kwambiri, sakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka, mtunda woyesedwa, mafunde a mpweya, kutopa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kapena mavuto aliwonse omwe amapezeka muzipangizo zina. Onjezani thandizo la kompyuta, ndipo ntchitoyi imakhala yachangu, ndikupanga mapulaneti a topographical ndi isometric omwe amatsimikizira kutsimikizira ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndi kukonza.

Kuyesa Koyenera Kobwerezabwereza

Kuwerenga mobwerezabwereza kapena kubwerezabwereza ndiye mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Zipangizo zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito poyesa kubwerezabwereza ndi chipangizo chowerengera mobwerezabwereza, LVDT ndi amplifier yofunikira pakuwerenga kwapamwamba. Timayika amplifier ya LVDT pa resolution yocheperako ya mainchesi 10 kapena mainchesi 5 kuti ma plates akhale olondola kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chamakina chokhala ndi resolution ya mainchesi 20 okha sikuthandiza ngati mukuyesera kuyesa kufunika kobwerezabwereza kwa mainchesi 35. Zizindikiro zimakhala ndi kusatsimikizika kwa mainchesi 40! Kukhazikitsa kobwerezabwereza kumatsanzira kutalika kwa geji/kapangidwe ka gawo.

Kubwerezabwereza SIKUfanana ndi kusalala konse (Mean Plane). Ndimakonda kuganiza kuti kubwerezabwereza mu granite kumawonedwa ngati muyeso wofanana wa radius.

Chithunzi 5

Ngati muyesa kubwerezabwereza kwa mpira wozungulira, ndiye kuti mwawonetsa kuti utali wa mpirawo sunasinthe. (Mbiri yabwino ya mbale yokonzedwa bwino ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira a korona.) Komabe, n'zoonekeratu kuti mpirawo si wathyathyathya. Chabwino, pang'ono. Pa mtunda waufupi kwambiri, ndi wathyathyathya. Popeza ntchito zambiri zowunikira zimaphatikizapo kutalika pafupi kwambiri ndi gawolo, kubwerezabwereza kumakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa mbale ya granite. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ukhale wathyathyathya pokhapokha ngati wogwiritsa ntchito akuyang'ana kulunjika kwa gawo lalitali.

Onetsetsani kuti kontrakitala wanu akuchita mayeso obwerezabwereza owerengera. Mbale ikhoza kuwerengedwa mobwerezabwereza chifukwa cha kulekerera koma ikapambana mayeso ophwanyika! Chodabwitsa n'chakuti labu ikhoza kulandira chilolezo mu mayeso omwe saphatikizapo mayeso obwerezabwereza owerengera. Labu yomwe singakonze kapena siili bwino kwambiri pakukonza imakonda kuchita mayeso ophwanyika okha. Kuphwanyika nthawi zambiri sikusintha pokhapokha mutasuntha mbaleyo.

Kuyesa kubwerezabwereza ndikosavuta kuyesa koma kovuta kwambiri kuchita mukamaliza. Onetsetsani kuti kontrakitala wanu akhoza kubwezeretsa kubwerezabwereza popanda "kupukuta" pamwamba kapena kusiya mafunde pamwamba.

Mayeso a Delta T

Kuyesa kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kuyeza kutentha kwenikweni kwa mwalawo pamwamba pake ndi pansi pake ndikuwerengera kusiyana, Delta T, kuti apereke lipoti pa satifiketi.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumawonjezeka mu granite ndi 3.5 uIn/Inch/degree. Kutentha ndi chinyezi zomwe zimakhudza mbale ya granite n'zochepa. Komabe, mbale ya pamwamba imatha kupitirira muyeso kapena nthawi zina kukwera ngakhale mu .3 - .5 digiri F Delta T. Ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati Delta T ili mkati mwa .12 digiri F kuchokera pomwe kusiyana ndi kuwerengera komaliza kunali kosiyana.

Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti malo ogwirira ntchito a mbale amasamuka kupita ku kutentha. Ngati kutentha kwapamwamba kuli kotentha kuposa pansi, ndiye kuti pamwamba pake pamakwera. Ngati pansi pali kotentha, zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndiye kuti pamwamba pake pamamira. Sikokwanira kuti woyang'anira khalidwe kapena katswiri adziwe kuti mbaleyo ndi yathyathyathya ndipo imatha kubwerezedwanso panthawi yokonza kapena kukonza koma zomwe Delta T inali panthawi yoyesa komaliza. Pazochitika zovuta, wogwiritsa ntchito, poyesa Delta T yekha, amatha kudziwa ngati mbaleyo yatha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa Delta T. Mwamwayi, granite imatenga maola ambiri kapena masiku ambiri kuti izolowere malo. Kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa mlengalenga tsiku lonse sikungakhudze. Pazifukwa izi, sitinena za kutentha kwa mlengalenga kapena chinyezi chifukwa zotsatira zake sizochepa.

Granite Plate Vaa

Ngakhale granite ndi yolimba kuposa mbale zachitsulo, granite imakulabe ndi madontho otsika pamwamba. Kusuntha mobwerezabwereza kwa zigawo ndi ma geji pamwamba pa mbale ndiye gwero lalikulu la kuwonongeka, makamaka ngati malo omwewo akugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Dothi ndi fumbi lopukutira lomwe limaloledwa kukhala pamwamba pa mbale limafulumizitsa kuwonongeka pamene likulowa pakati pa zigawo kapena ma gauge ndi pamwamba pa granite. Mukasuntha zigawo ndi ma geji pamwamba pake, fumbi losakhazikika nthawi zambiri limakhala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwina. Ndikulimbikitsa kwambiri kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka. Tawona kuwonongeka kwa mbale chifukwa cha kutumizidwa kwa phukusi la UPS tsiku ndi tsiku pamwamba pa mbale! Malo omwe akuwonongekawo amakhudza kuwerengedwa kwa mayeso obwerezabwereza. Pewani kuwonongeka mwa kuyeretsa nthawi zonse.

Kuyeretsa Mbale za Granite

Kuti mbale ikhale yoyera, gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yotchingira kuti muchotse udzu. Ingokanikizani pang'ono, kuti musasiye zotsalira za guluu. Nsalu yotchingira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino imagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yochotsa fumbi lopera pakati pa kuyeretsa. Musagwire ntchito pamalo omwewo. Yendetsani zomwe mwakonza mozungulira mbaleyo, ndikugawa kutayika. Palibe vuto kugwiritsa ntchito mowa poyeretsa mbale, koma dziwani kuti kuchita izi kudzaziziritsa pamwamba kwakanthawi. Madzi okhala ndi sopo wochepa ndi abwino kwambiri. Zotsukira zomwe zimapezeka pamsika monga zotsukira za Starrett nazonso ndi zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito, koma onetsetsani kuti mwachotsa zotsalira zonse za sopo pamwamba pake.

Kukonza Mbale za Granite

Ziyenera kuonekeratu kuti pakadali pano kufunika koonetsetsa kuti wopanga ma plate anu achita bwino kwambiri. Ma lab amtundu wa "Clearing House" omwe amapereka mapulogalamu a "Chitani zonse ndi kuyitana kamodzi" nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi katswiri wokonza zinthu. Ngakhale atakhala kuti amapereka kukonza, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito pamene plate yanu ya pamwamba siili bwino kwenikweni.

Ngati mwauzidwa kuti mbale singathe kukonzedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwambiri, tiimbireni foni. Mwina tikhoza kukonza.

Akatswiri athu amagwira ntchito yophunzitsa kwa chaka chimodzi mpaka chimodzi ndi theka pansi pa Master Surface Plate Technician. Timatanthauzira Master Surface Plate Technician ngati munthu amene wamaliza maphunziro ake ndipo ali ndi zaka zoposa khumi zokumana nazo mu Surface Plate calibration and Repair. Ife ku Dimensional Gauge tili ndi Master Technician atatu omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 60 zokumana nazo pamodzi. Master Technician wathu mmodzi amapezeka nthawi zonse kuti atithandize ndi kutitsogolera pamene zinthu zovuta zachitika. Akatswiri athu onse ali ndi luso lofufuza ma surface plate amitundu yonse, kuyambira ang'onoang'ono mpaka akuluakulu, mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe, mafakitale osiyanasiyana, komanso mavuto akuluakulu owonongeka.

Ma Fed Specs ali ndi kufunikira kwapadera kwa kutsiriza kwa 16 mpaka 64 Average Arithmetic Roughness (AA). Timakonda kutsiriza kwa 30-35 AA. Pali kukhwima kokwanira kuti zitsimikizo kuti zigawo ndi ma geji zikuyenda bwino ndipo sizimamatira kapena kupotoza pamwamba pa mbale.

Tikakonza timayang'ana mbaleyo kuti ione ngati ili bwino komanso kuti ndi yolimba. Timagwiritsa ntchito njira youma yolumikizira, koma ngati yawonongeka kwambiri ndipo ikufunika kuchotsa granite kwambiri, timanyowetsa miyendo. Akatswiri athu amatsuka okha, amachita bwino, mwachangu komanso molondola. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa mtengo wa ntchito ya granite plate umaphatikizapo nthawi yomwe simukugwira ntchito komanso kutayika kwa ntchito. Kukonza bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndipo simuyenera kusankha kontrakitala pamtengo kapena mosavuta. Ntchito zina zowunikira zimafuna anthu ophunzitsidwa bwino. Tili ndi zimenezo.

Malipoti Omaliza Owerengera

Pa kukonza ndi kuwerengera kulikonse kwa malo osungiramo zinthu, timapereka malipoti aukadaulo atsatanetsatane. Malipoti athu ali ndi zambiri zofunika komanso zofunikira. Fed Spec. imafuna zambiri zomwe tapereka. Kupatula zomwe zili mu miyezo ina yabwino monga ISO/IEC-17025, Fed yocheperako ndiyo. Mafotokozedwe a malipoti ndi awa:

1. Kukula mu Ft. (X' x X')

1. Mtundu
2. Kalembedwe (Sikutanthauza mipiringidzo yolumikizira kapena mipiringidzo iwiri kapena inayi)
3. Modulus Yoyerekeza ya Elasticity
4. Kulekerera Kwapakati (Kumatsimikiziridwa ndi Giredi/Kukula)
5. Kuwerenga kobwerezabwereza Kulekerera (Kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa diagonal mu mainchesi)
6. Ndege Yapakati Monga Yapezeka
7. Ndege Yapakati ngati kumanzere
8. Bwerezani kuwerenga monga momwe mwapezera
9. Bwerezani kuwerenga monga kumanzere
10. Delta T (Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa pamwamba ndi pansi)

Ngati katswiri akufunika kuchita ntchito yolumikiza kapena kukonza pamwamba pa plate, ndiye kuti satifiketi yowunikira imaphatikizidwa ndi chithunzi cha malo kapena isometric kuti atsimikizire kukonza koyenera.

Mawu Okhudza Zovomerezeka za ISO/IEC-17025 ndi ma laboratories omwe ali nazo

Kungoti labu ili ndi chilolezo chowunikira malo ozungulira sizitanthauza kuti ikudziwa zomwe ikuchita, osati kuichita bwino! Komanso sizitanthauza kuti labu ikhoza kukonza. Mabungwe ovomerezeka sasiyanitsa pakati pa kutsimikizira kapena kukonza.Andipo ndikudziwa chimodzi, mwina2kuvomereza mabungwe omwe adzateroLtayiANditawapatsa ndalama zokwanira, ndaona ma lab atalandira chilolezo mwa kuchita mayeso atatu okha. Komanso, ndaona ma lab atalandira chilolezo popanda umboni kapena umboni uliwonse wosonyeza momwe anawerengera mtengo wake. Zonsezi n’zomvetsa chisoni.

Kusonkhanitsa

Simungathe kunyalanyaza ntchito ya ma granite plates olondola. Chiyerekezo chathyathyathya chomwe ma granite plates amapereka ndi maziko omwe mumapanga miyeso ina yonse.

Mungagwiritse ntchito zida zamakono kwambiri, zolondola komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, miyeso yolondola ndi yovuta kudziwa ngati malo ofunikira si athyathyathya. Nthawi ina, kasitomala wina anandiuza kuti “ndi thanthwe chabe!” Yankho langa linali, “Chabwino, mwalondola, ndipo simungavomereze kuti akatswiri abwere kudzasamalira malo anu.”

Mtengo si chifukwa chabwino chosankhira makontrakitala oika ma plate pamwamba. Ogula, akatswiri owerengera ndalama ndi mainjiniya ambiri abwino nthawi zambiri samamvetsetsa kuti kuyika ma granite plates kachiwiri sikofanana ndi kuyikanso ma micrometer, caliper kapena DMM.

Zipangizo zina zimafuna ukatswiri, osati mtengo wotsika. Titanena zimenezo, mitengo yathu ndi yotsika kwambiri. Makamaka kuti tikhale ndi chidaliro kuti timagwira ntchitoyo moyenera. Timapitirira zomwe ISO-17025 ndi zofunikira za Federal Specifications mu mtengo wowonjezera.

Maziko a Granite Oyenera Angathandize Kukonza Magwiridwe A Zida za Makina

Zofunikira zikuchulukirachulukira mu uinjiniya wamakina makamaka pakupanga zida zamakina. Kukwaniritsa kulondola kwakukulu ndi magwiridwe antchito popanda kukweza ndalama ndizovuta nthawi zonse kuti mukhale opikisana. Bedi la zida zamakina ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pano. Chifukwa chake, opanga zida zamakina ambiri amadalira granite. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake enieni, imapereka zabwino zomveka bwino zomwe sizingapezeke ndi konkriti yachitsulo kapena polima.

Granite ndi thanthwe lotchedwa volcano deep rock ndipo lili ndi kapangidwe kolimba kwambiri komanso kofanana komwe kali ndi coefficient yochepa kwambiri ya expansion, low thermal conductivity komanso high vibration damping.

Pansipa mupeza chifukwa chake lingaliro lofala lakuti granite ndi yoyenera kwambiri ngati maziko a makina oyezera makina apamwamba kwambiri ndi lakale kwambiri komanso chifukwa chake zinthu zachilengedwezi monga maziko a zida zamakina ndi njira ina yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa chitsulo kapena chitsulo chopangidwa ngakhale pazida zamakina zolondola kwambiri.

Tikhoza kupanga zigawo za granite zoyendera modabwitsa, zigawo za granite zama motors olunjika, zigawo za granite za ndt, zigawo za granite za xray, zigawo za granite za cmm, zigawo za granite za cnc, granite precision ya laser, zigawo za granite za aerospace, zigawo za granite za magawo olondola ...

Mtengo Wowonjezera Wapamwamba Popanda Ndalama Zowonjezera
Kugwiritsa ntchito granite kwambiri mu uinjiniya wamakina sikuli chifukwa cha kukwera kwakukulu kwa mtengo wachitsulo. M'malo mwake, chifukwa chakuti phindu lowonjezera la chida chamakina chomwe chimapezeka ndi bedi la makina opangidwa ndi granite ndi lotheka pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kapena popanda ndalama zowonjezera. Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi kufananiza mtengo kwa opanga zida zamakina odziwika bwino ku Germany ndi Europe.

Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu mu kukhazikika kwa thermodynamic, kugwedezeka kwa kugwedezeka, ndi kulondola kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumatheka chifukwa cha granite sikungatheke ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena bedi lachitsulo, kapena pamtengo wokwera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zolakwika za kutentha zimatha kukhala 75% ya cholakwika chonse cha makina, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayesa kulipira ndi mapulogalamu - ndi kupambana pang'ono. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwake kochepa, granite ndiye maziko abwino kwambiri olondola kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndi kupirira kwa 1 μm, granite imakwaniritsa mosavuta zofunikira za kusalala malinga ndi DIN 876 pamlingo wolondola 00. Ndi mtengo wa 6 pa sikelo yolimba kuyambira 1 mpaka 10, ndi yolimba kwambiri, ndipo ndi kulemera kwake kwa 2.8g/cm³ pafupifupi kufika pamtengo wa aluminiyamu. Izi zimapangitsanso zabwino zina monga kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kuthamanga kwa axis komanso kukulitsa moyo wa zida zodulira zida zamakina. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kuchokera ku bedi lopangidwa ndi chitsulo kupita ku bedi la makina a granite kumasuntha chida chamakina chomwe chikukambidwacho kukhala chapamwamba kwambiri pankhani yolondola komanso magwiridwe antchito - popanda ndalama zowonjezera.

Malo Osungirako Zachilengedwe a Granite
Mosiyana ndi zinthu monga chitsulo kapena chitsulo chosungunuka, miyala yachilengedwe siyenera kupangidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera. Mphamvu zochepa zokha ndi zomwe zimafunika pokumba miyala ndi kukonza pamwamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chikhale bwino kwambiri, chomwe ngakhale kumapeto kwa moyo wa makina chimaposa chitsulo ngati chinthu. Bedi la granite likhoza kukhala maziko a makina atsopano kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyana kwambiri monga kuduladula pomanga misewu.

Ndiponso palibe kusowa kwa zinthu zopangira granite. Ndi mwala wozama wopangidwa ndi magma mkati mwa nthaka ya dziko lapansi. 'Wakula' kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo umapezeka wambiri ngati chuma chachilengedwe pafupifupi m'makontinenti onse, kuphatikizapo ku Europe konse.

Pomaliza: Ubwino wambiri wooneka bwino wa granite poyerekeza ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo umatsimikizira kufunitsitsa kwa mainjiniya amakina kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwezi ngati maziko a zida zamakina zolondola kwambiri komanso zogwira ntchito bwino. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi makhalidwe a granite, omwe ndi abwino pa zida zamakina ndi uinjiniya wamakina, zitha kupezeka m'nkhani yotsatirayi.

Kuyeza kobwerezabwereza ndi muyeso wa malo osalala apafupi. Chiyerekezo cha Kuyeza Kobwerezabwereza chimati muyeso womwe watengedwa kulikonse pamwamba pa mbale udzabwereza mkati mwa kulekerera komwe kwanenedwa. Kulamulira kusalala kwa malo osalala apafupi ndi kusalala konse kumatsimikizira kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe osalala a pamwamba potero kuchepetsa zolakwika zapafupi.

Opanga ambiri, kuphatikizapo makampani ochokera kunja, amatsatira Malamulo a Federal a kulekerera konse kwa flatness koma ambiri amanyalanyaza miyezo yobwerezabwereza. Ma plate ambiri otsika mtengo kapena otsika mtengo omwe alipo pamsika lero sadzatsimikizira miyezo yobwerezabwereza. Wopanga yemwe satsimikizira miyezo yobwerezabwereza SApanga ma plate omwe akukwaniritsa zofunikira za ASME B89.3.7-2013 kapena Federal Specification GGG-P-463c, kapena DIN 876, GB, JJS...

Zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale malo olondola kuti muyeze molondola. Kufotokozera kwa kusalala kokha sikukwanira kutsimikizira kulondola kwa muyeso. Mwachitsanzo, mbale ya pamwamba ya 36 X 48 Inspection Giredi A, yomwe imakwaniritsa kulondola kwa kusalala kwa .000300". Ngati chidutswa chomwe chikuwunikidwa chikulumikiza nsonga zingapo, ndipo geji yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ili pamalo otsika, cholakwika cha muyeso chikhoza kukhala kulekerera kwathunthu m'dera limodzi, 000300"! Kwenikweni, ikhoza kukhala yayikulu kwambiri ngati gejiyo ikupumula pamtunda wa malo otsetsereka.

Zolakwika za .000600"-.000800" n'zotheka, kutengera kuopsa kwa malo otsetsereka, ndi kutalika kwa mkono wa gage yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mbale iyi inali ndi muyezo wobwerezabwereza wa .000050"FIR ndiye kuti cholakwika choyezera chikanakhala chochepera .000050" mosasamala kanthu komwe muyesowo watengedwa pa mbaleyo. Vuto lina, lomwe nthawi zambiri limachitika pamene katswiri wosaphunzitsidwa amayesa kukonzanso mbale pamalopo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito Kubwerezabwereza kokha kuti atsimikizire mbaleyo.

Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kubwerezabwereza SIZINApangidwira kuyang'ana kuphwanyika konse. Zikayikidwa pa zero pamalo opindika bwino, zimapitiriza kuwerenga zero, kaya pamwamba pake pali posalala bwino kapena pali popindika bwino kapena pali 1/2"! Zimangotsimikizira kufanana kwa pamwamba, osati posalala. Mbale yokha yomwe ikukwaniritsa zonse ziwiri zomwe zili posalala NDI zomwe zili poyesa kubwerezabwereza zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za ASME B89.3.7-2013 kapena Federal Specification GGG-P-463c.

Ask us about or flatness specification and repeat measurement promise by calling +86 19969991659 or emailing INFO@ZHHIMG.COM

Inde, koma zitha kutsimikizika kokha pamlingo winawake wowongoka. Zotsatira za kufalikira kwa kutentha pa mbale zitha kuyambitsa kusintha kolondola kuposa kulekerera ngati pali kusintha kwa kusinthasintha. Nthawi zina, ngati kulekerera kuli kolimba mokwanira, kutentha komwe kumayamwa kuchokera ku kuwala kwapamwamba kungayambitse kusintha kokwanira kwa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa maola angapo.

Granite ili ndi coefficient ya kutentha kwa pafupifupi mainchesi .0000035 pa inchi pa 1°F. Mwachitsanzo: Mbale ya pamwamba ya 36" x 48" x 8" ili ndi kulondola kwa .000075" (1/2 ya Giredi AA) pa gradient ya 0°F, pamwamba ndi pansi ndi kutentha komweko. Ngati pamwamba pa mbaleyo patentha mpaka kufika 1°F kutentha kuposa pansi, kulondola kungasinthe kukhala .000275" convex! Chifukwa chake, kuyitanitsa mbale yokhala ndi kulekerera kolimba kuposa Laboratory Giredi AA kuyenera kuganiziridwa pokhapokha ngati pali kulamulira koyenera kwa nyengo.

Mbale ya pamwamba iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mfundo zitatu, makamaka 20% ya kutalika kuchokera kumapeto kwa mbale. Zothandizira ziwiri ziyenera kukhala 20% ya m'lifupi kuchokera mbali zazitali, ndipo zothandizira zotsalazo ziyenera kukhala pakati. Mfundo zitatu zokha ndi zomwe zingakhazikike bwino pa china chilichonse kupatulapo malo olondola.

Mbale iyenera kuthandizidwa pamalo awa panthawi yopanga, ndipo iyenera kuthandizidwa pamalo atatu okha pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyesa kuthandizira mbaleyo pamalo opitilira atatu kudzapangitsa kuti mbaleyo ilandire chithandizo chake kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mfundo zitatu, zomwe sizidzakhala mfundo zitatu zomwe zidathandizidwa panthawi yopanga. Izi zidzayambitsa zolakwika pamene mbaleyo ikupotoka kuti igwirizane ndi dongosolo latsopano lothandizira. Ma zhhimg steel stands onse ali ndi matabwa othandizira opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi malo oyenera othandizira.

Ngati mbaleyo yathandizidwa bwino, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati ntchito yanu ikufuna. Kulinganiza sikofunikira kuti mbaleyo ikhale yolondola.

Chifukwa Chosankha Granite yaMaziko a MakinandiZigawo za Metrology?

Yankho ndi 'inde' pafupifupi pa ntchito iliyonse. Ubwino wa granite ndi monga: Palibe dzimbiri kapena dzimbiri, sichingagwedezeke, sichimawononga hump ikaphwanyidwa, chimakhala nthawi yayitali, chimagwira ntchito bwino, chimakhala cholondola kwambiri, sichimawononga maginito, sichimakulitsa kutentha bwino, komanso sichiwononga ndalama zambiri pokonza.

Granite ndi mtundu wa miyala ya igneous yomwe imakumbidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, kukhuthala kwake, kulimba kwake, komanso kukana dzimbiri. Koma granite imagwiranso ntchito zosiyanasiyana - sikuti ndi ya masikweya ndi ma rectangle okha! Ndipotu, Starrett Tru-Stone imagwira ntchito molimbika ndi zigawo za granite zomwe zimapangidwa m'mawonekedwe, ma angles, ndi ma curve amitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse - ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

Kudzera mu kukonza kwathu kwamakono, malo odulidwa amatha kukhala athyathyathya kwambiri. Makhalidwe amenewa amapangitsa granite kukhala chinthu choyenera kupanga maziko a makina a kukula koyenera komanso kapangidwe kake komanso zigawo za metrology. Granite ndi:

makina opangidwa
bwino kwambiri akadula ndi kumaliza
osagwira dzimbiri
cholimba
zokhalitsa
Zigawo za granite ndizosavuta kuyeretsa. Mukamapanga mapangidwe apadera, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha granite chifukwa cha ubwino wake wapamwamba.

MIYEZO/ ZOFUNIKA KUVALA KWAMBIRI
Granite yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ZhongHui pazinthu zathu zodziwika bwino za pamwamba pa mbale ili ndi kuchuluka kwa quartz, komwe kumapereka kukana kwambiri kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka. Mitundu yathu Yakuda Kwambiri ndi Pinki Yapamwamba imakhala ndi madzi ochepa, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa zinyalala zanu zolondola pamene zikuyikidwa pamapepala. Mitundu ya granite yomwe imaperekedwa ndi ZhongHui imapangitsa kuti kuwala kusamawonekere kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maso a anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapepalawo azikhala ochepa. Tasankha mitundu yathu ya granite pamene tikuganizira za kukulitsa kutentha kuti tichepetse izi.

MAPHUNZIRO OKONZEDWA MWACHILENGEDWE
Ngati pulogalamu yanu ikufuna mbale yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, zoyikamo ulusi, mipata kapena makina ena, muyenera kusankha chinthu monga Black Diabase. Zinthu zachilengedwezi zimapereka kuuma kwabwino, kufinya kwabwino kwa kugwedezeka, komanso makina abwino.

Inde, ngati sizinawonongeke kwambiri. Makonzedwe athu a fakitale ndi zida zathu zimathandiza kuti pakhale mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yowunikira bwino mbale ndikukonzanso ngati pakufunika kutero. Nthawi zambiri, ngati mbale ili mkati mwa .001" ya kulekerera kofunikira, imatha kubwezeretsedwanso pamalopo. Ngati mbale yawonongeka mpaka kufika poti siikuloledwa kupitirira .001", kapena ngati yaphwanyika kwambiri kapena yawonongeka, ndiye kuti iyenera kutumizidwa ku fakitale kuti ikaphwanyidwe isanayambikenso.

Muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha katswiri wokonza ndi kukonzanso malo pamalopo. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti musamale posankha ntchito yanu yokonza. Pemphani kuti akupatseni chilolezo ndikutsimikizira kuti zida zomwe katswiriyo adzagwiritsa ntchito zili ndi njira yowunikira yomwe ingatsatidwe ndi National Inspection Institution. Zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti muphunzire momwe mungapangire granite yolondola.

ZhongHui imapereka njira yofulumira yosinthira ma calibrations omwe amachitikira ku fakitale yathu. Tumizani ma plate anu kuti akayesedwe ngati n'kotheka. Ubwino ndi mbiri yanu zimadalira kulondola kwa zida zanu zoyezera kuphatikiza ma plate apamwamba!

Mapepala athu akuda pamwamba ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu ndipo ndi olimba katatu kuposa pamenepo. Chifukwa chake, mbale yopangidwa ndi wakuda siyenera kukhala yokhuthala ngati mbale ya granite ya kukula kofanana kuti ikhale yolimba mofanana kapena yolimba kwambiri kuti isagwe. Kuchepa kwa makulidwe kumatanthauza kulemera kochepa komanso ndalama zochepa zotumizira.

Chenjerani ndi ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito granite wakuda wotsika kwambiri wokhala ndi makulidwe ofanana. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mawonekedwe a granite, monga matabwa kapena chitsulo, amasiyana malinga ndi zinthu ndi mtundu, ndipo si chizindikiro cholondola cha kuuma, kuuma, kapena kukana kuwonongeka. Ndipotu, mitundu yambiri ya granite wakuda ndi diabase ndi yofewa kwambiri ndipo si yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa mbale.

Ayi. Zipangizo zapadera ndi maphunziro ofunikira pokonzanso zinthuzi zimafuna kuti zibwezeretsedwe ku fakitale kuti zikayezedwenso ndi kukonzedwanso.

Inde. Ceramic ndi granite zili ndi makhalidwe ofanana, ndipo njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndi kulumikiza granite zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi zinthu za ceramic. Ceramic ndi yovuta kulumikiza kuposa granite zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wake ukhale wokwera.

Inde, bola ngati zoikamo zili pansi pa nthaka. Ngati zoikamo zachitsulo zili pamwamba pa nthaka, ziyenera kukhala zolunjika pansi mbale isanakwane. Ngati pakufunika, titha kupereka chithandizo chimenecho.

Inde. Zipangizo zoyika zitsulo zokhala ndi ulusi womwe mukufuna (wa Chingerezi kapena wa metric) zitha kulumikizidwa ndi epoxy mu mbale pamalo omwe mukufuna. ZhongHui imagwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC kuti ipereke malo oyika zolimba kwambiri mkati mwa +/- 0.005”. Pazinthu zosafunikira kwenikweni, kulekerera kwathu malo azinthu zoyika ulusi ndi ±.060". Zosankha zina zikuphatikizapo T-Bars zachitsulo ndi mipata ya dovetail yopangidwa mwachindunji mu granite.

Ma inserts omwe amalumikizidwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito epoxy yamphamvu kwambiri komanso luso labwino amapirira mphamvu zambiri zozungulira komanso zodula. Mu mayeso aposachedwa, pogwiritsa ntchito ma inserts a 3/8"-16, labotale yoyesera yodziyimira payokha idayesa mphamvu yofunikira kukoka insert yokhala ndi epoxy kuchokera pa mbale pamwamba. Ma plate khumi adayesedwa. Mwa awa khumi, m'milandu isanu ndi inayi, granite idasweka koyamba. Katundu wapakati pamalo olephera anali 10,020 lbs. ya granite imvi ndi 12,310 lbs. yakuda. Pamilandu imodzi pomwe insert idakokedwa kuchokera pa mbale, katundu pamalo olephera anali 12,990 lbs.! Ngati chidutswa chogwirira ntchito chipanga mlatho kudutsa insert ndipo torque yayikulu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndizotheka kupanga mphamvu yokwanira kuti iswe granite. Pachifukwa ichi, ZhongHui imapereka malangizo a torque yotetezeka kwambiri yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ma inserts okhala ndi epoxy: https://www.zhhimg.com/standard-thread-inserts-product/

Inde, koma ku fakitale yathu kokha. Ku fakitale yathu, tikhoza kubwezeretsa pafupifupi mbale iliyonse kukhala 'yatsopano', nthawi zambiri pamtengo wotsika kuposa theka la ndalama zoyiyika m'malo mwake. M'mphepete mwawonongeka mutha kukonzedwa bwino, mipata yozama, ma nick, ndi maenje amatha kuphwanyidwa, ndipo zothandizira zomwe zili mkati mwake zitha kusinthidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, titha kusintha mbale yanu kuti iwonjezere kusinthasintha kwake powonjezera zitsulo zolimba kapena zopindika komanso zodulira kapena milomo yolumikizira, malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kusankha Granite?
Granite ndi mtundu wa miyala ya igneous yomwe idapangidwa padziko lapansi zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo. Miyala ya igneous yomwe imapangidwira inali ndi mchere wambiri monga quartz womwe ndi wolimba kwambiri komanso wosawonongeka. Kuwonjezera pa kuuma ndi kukana kuwonongeka, granite ili ndi pafupifupi theka la coefficient of expansion ngati chitsulo chosungunuka. Popeza kulemera kwake kwa volumetric kuli pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chitsulo chosungunuka, granite ndi yosavuta kuyendetsa.

Pa maziko a makina ndi zinthu zoyezera, granite wakuda ndiye mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Granite wakuda uli ndi kuchuluka kwa quartz kuposa mitundu ina ndipo chifukwa chake, ndi wovuta kwambiri kusweka.

Granite ndi yotsika mtengo, ndipo malo odulidwa amatha kukhala athyathyathya kwambiri. Sikuti ingangolumikizidwa ndi manja kuti ikwaniritse kulondola kwambiri, komanso kukonzanso kumatha kuchitika popanda kusuntha mbale kapena tebulo kunja kwa malo. Ndi ntchito yolumikiza ndi manja ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa kukonzanso njira ina yachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Makhalidwe amenewa amapangitsa granite kukhala chinthu choyenera kwambiri popanga maziko a makina a kukula ndi kapangidwe kake komanso zinthu zoyezera zinthu mongambale ya pamwamba pa granite.

ZhongHui imapanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi granite zopangidwa mwapadera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zinazake zoyezera. Zinthu zopangidwa mwapaderazi zimasiyana kuchokeram'mbali molunjika tomabwalo atatuChifukwa cha mtundu wa granite wosiyanasiyana,zigawoZitha kupangidwa kukula kulikonse komwe zingafunike; zimakhala zolimba komanso zokhalitsa.

Ubwino wa Granite Surface Plates
Kufunika koyezera pamalo ofanana kunakhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri wa ku Britain Henry Maudsley m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Monga katswiri wa zida zamakina, adatsimikiza kuti kupanga zida nthawi zonse kumafuna malo olimba kuti muyezedwe modalirika.

Kusintha kwa mafakitale kunapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kwa malo oyezera, kotero kampani ya uinjiniya ya Crown Windley inapanga miyezo yopangira zinthu. Miyezo ya ma plates pamwamba idakhazikitsidwa koyamba ndi Crown mu 1904 pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo. Pamene kufunika ndi mtengo wa chitsulo zinkawonjezeka, zipangizo zina zoyezera pamwamba zinafufuzidwa.

Ku America, wopanga zipilala Wallace Herman adatsimikiza kuti granite wakuda ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa chitsulo. Popeza granite siigwiritsa ntchito maginito ndipo siichita dzimbiri, posakhalitsa inakhala malo oyezera omwe amakondedwa kwambiri.

Mbale ya granite pamwamba ndi ndalama zofunika kwambiri m'ma laboratories ndi m'malo oyesera. Mbale ya granite pamwamba ya 600 x 600 mm ikhoza kuyikidwa pa choyimilira chothandizira. Malo oimikapo amapereka kutalika kwa ntchito kwa mainchesi 34 (0.86m) ndi malo asanu osinthika kuti azitha kulinganiza.

Kuti muyeze bwino komanso mosasinthasintha, mbale ya granite pamwamba pake ndi yofunika kwambiri. Popeza pamwamba pake pali malo osalala komanso okhazikika, zimathandiza kuti zida zigwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala.

Ubwino waukulu wa granite pamwamba pa mbale ndi:

• Sizimawonetsa kuwala
• Yolimba ku mankhwala ndi dzimbiri
• Kuchuluka kochepa kwa kukula poyerekeza ndi chitsulo cha ngolo kotero sichikhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa kutentha
• Yolimba mwachibadwa komanso yolimba
• Malo ozungulira pamwamba sakhudzidwa ngati akanda
• Sizidzapanga dzimbiri
• Yopanda maginito
• Zosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira
• Kukonza ndi kukonzanso malo kungachitike pamalopo
• Yoyenera kuboola zinthu zothandizira zokhala ndi ulusi
• Kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwambiri

M'masitolo ambiri, m'zipinda zowunikira ndi m'ma laboratories, ma granite pamwamba pa miyala yolondola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a muyeso wolondola. Chifukwa muyeso uliwonse wa mzere umadalira malo olondola omwe miyeso yomaliza imatengedwa, ma plate pamwamba amapereka malo abwino kwambiri owunikira ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake asanayambe kupangidwa. Ndi maziko abwino kwambiri opangira miyeso ya kutalika ndi malo oyesera. Kuphatikiza apo, kusalala kwambiri, kukhazikika, khalidwe lonse komanso luso lapamwamba zimapangitsa kuti zikhale chisankho chabwino chokhazikitsa makina apamwamba, zamagetsi komanso owunikira. Pa njira iliyonse yoyezera iyi, ndikofunikira kusunga ma plate pamwamba pa miyala kuti azitha kuyesedwa bwino.

Kubwereza Miyeso ndi Kusalala
Kuyeza kwa kusalala ndi kubwerezabwereza ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti malo awoneke bwino. Kusalala kumatha kuonedwa ngati mfundo zonse pamwamba zili mkati mwa magawo awiri ofanana, gawo loyambira ndi gawo la denga. Kuyeza mtunda pakati pa mapepala ndi kusalala konse kwa pamwamba. Kuyeza kwa kusalala kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi kulekerera ndipo kungaphatikizepo chizindikiro cha giredi.

Kulekerera kwa flatness kwa magiredi atatu okhazikika kumafotokozedwa mu statement ya federal monga momwe zakhazikitsidwira ndi fomula iyi:
Giredi ya Laboratory AA = (40 + diagonal² / 25) x 0.000001 inchi (ya mbali imodzi)
Giredi Yoyendera A = Giredi ya Laboratory AA x 2
Chipinda cha Zida Giredi B = Giredi ya Laboratory AA x 4

Kuwonjezera pa kusalala, kubwerezabwereza kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Kuyeza mobwerezabwereza ndi muyeso wa madera osalala am'deralo. Ndi muyeso womwe umatengedwa kulikonse pamwamba pa mbale womwe udzabwerezedwa mkati mwa kulolera komwe kwanenedwa. Kulamulira kusalala kwa malo am'deralo kukhala kolimba kuposa kusalala konse kumatsimikizira kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe osalala pamwamba, motero kuchepetsa zolakwika zam'deralo.

Kuti atsimikizire kuti mbale ya pamwamba ikugwirizana ndi kusalala komanso kuyeza kobwerezabwereza, opanga ma granite pamwamba ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito Federal Specification GGG-P-463c ngati maziko a zomwe amafotokoza. Muyezo uwu umafotokoza kulondola kwa kuyeza kobwerezabwereza, mawonekedwe a granite pamwamba pa mbale, kutha kwa pamwamba, malo othandizira, kuuma, njira zovomerezeka zowunikira ndi kukhazikitsa zoyikamo ulusi.

Chipinda chapamwamba chisanawonongeke kwambiri kuposa momwe chimafunikira kuti chikhale chosalala, chimawonetsa nsanamira zosweka kapena zozungulira. Kuyang'ana mwezi uliwonse kuti mudziwe zolakwika zoyezera mobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza kudzazindikira malo osweka. Gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza ndi chida cholondola kwambiri chomwe chimazindikira cholakwika chapafupi ndipo chitha kuwonetsedwa pa amplifier yamagetsi yokulitsa kwambiri.

Kuwona Kulondola kwa Mbale
Potsatira malangizo ochepa osavuta, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa granite pamwamba pa mbale ziyenera kukhala zaka zambiri. Kutengera momwe mbale imagwiritsidwira ntchito, malo ogulitsira komanso kulondola komwe kumafunika, kuchuluka kwa nthawi yowunikira kulondola kwa mbale pamwamba kumasiyana. Lamulo lalikulu ndilakuti mbale yatsopano ilandire kukonzedwanso kwathunthu mkati mwa chaka chimodzi mutagula. Ngati mbaleyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndibwino kufupikitsa nthawi imeneyi kufika pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Chipinda chapamwamba chisanawonongeke kwambiri kuposa momwe chimafunikira kuti chikhale chosalala, chimawonetsa nsanamira zosweka kapena zozungulira. Kuyang'ana mwezi uliwonse kuti mudziwe zolakwika zoyezera mobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza kudzazindikira malo osweka. Gauge yowerengera mobwerezabwereza ndi chida cholondola kwambiri chomwe chimazindikira cholakwika chapafupi ndipo chitha kuwonetsedwa pa amplifier yamagetsi yokulitsa kwambiri.

Pulogalamu yowunikira bwino iyenera kuphatikizapo kufufuza pafupipafupi ndi autocollimator, kupereka kuwunikira kwenikweni kwa kusalala konse komwe kungatsatidwe ndi National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Kuwunikira kwathunthu ndi wopanga kapena kampani yodziyimira payokha ndikofunikira nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kusiyana Pakati pa Kuwerengera
Nthawi zina, pamakhala kusiyana pakati pa kuyeza kwa pamwamba pa mbale. Nthawi zina zinthu monga kusintha kwa pamwamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zida zowunikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosayezedwa zimatha kuyambitsa kusiyana kumeneku. Komabe, zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi chithandizo.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, pamwamba pake pakhoza kukhala kuti panatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ozizira musanayesedwe ndipo sanapatsidwe nthawi yokwanira kuti zinthu zisinthe. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa kutentha ndi monga mpweya wozizira kapena wotentha, kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, kuwala kwa pamwamba kapena magwero ena a kutentha kowala pamwamba pa mbaleyo.

Pakhozanso kukhala kusiyana kwa kutentha koyima pakati pa nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe. Nthawi zina, mbaleyo sipatsidwa nthawi yokwanira kuti isinthe kutentha ikatha. Ndibwino kulemba kutentha koyima panthawi yomwe kuyesedwa kumachitika.

Chifukwa china chofala cha kusintha kwa ma calibration ndi mbale yomwe siithandizidwa bwino. Mbale ya pamwamba iyenera kuthandizidwa pa mfundo zitatu, makamaka 20% ya kutalika kuchokera kumapeto kwa mbale. Zothandizira ziwiri ziyenera kukhala 20% ya m'lifupi kuchokera mbali zazitali, ndipo zothandizira zotsala ziyenera kukhala pakati.

Magawo atatu okha ndi omwe angayime bwino pa chilichonse kupatula malo olondola. Kuyesa kuthandizira mbaleyo pa mapointi opitilira atatu kudzapangitsa mbaleyo kulandira chithandizo chake kuchokera ku ma point atatu osiyanasiyana, omwe sadzakhala ma point atatu omwe adathandizidwa nawo panthawi yopanga. Izi zibweretsa zolakwika pamene mbaleyo ikupotoka kuti igwirizane ndi dongosolo latsopano lothandizira. Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito ma stand achitsulo okhala ndi matabwa othandizira opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi ma point oyenera othandizira. Ma stand a cholinga ichi nthawi zambiri amapezeka kwa wopanga ma plate apamwamba.

Ngati mbaleyo yathandizidwa bwino, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati pali njira yoifotokozera. Kulinganiza sikofunikira kuti mbaleyo ikhale yolondola.

Ndikofunikira kusunga mbaleyo kukhala yoyera. Fumbi lophwanyika ndi mpweya nthawi zambiri limakhala gwero lalikulu la kuwonongeka ndi kung'ambika kwa mbale, chifukwa limakonda kulowa m'zipinda zogwirira ntchito ndi malo olumikizirana ndi ma geji. Phimbani mbale kuti muwateteze ku fumbi ndi kuwonongeka. Nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito imatha kukulitsidwa pophimba mbaleyo ngati sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kukulitsa Moyo wa Mbale
Kutsatira malangizo angapo kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa granite pamwamba pa mbale ndipo pamapeto pake, kukulitsa moyo wake.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusunga mbaleyo kukhala yoyera. Fumbi lochokera mumlengalenga nthawi zambiri limakhala chifukwa chachikulu chowonongeka ndi kung'ambika kwa mbaleyo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri limapezeka m'zida zogwirira ntchito komanso pamalo olumikizirana a gage.

Ndikofunikanso kuphimba mbale kuti zitetezedwe ku fumbi ndi kuwonongeka. Nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito imatha kukulitsidwa pophimba mbaleyo ngati sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zungulirani mbale nthawi ndi nthawi kuti malo amodzi asagwiritsidwe ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Komanso, tikukulimbikitsani kuti musinthe ma contact pads achitsulo mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma carbide pads.

Pewani kuyika chakudya kapena zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi pa mbale. Zakumwa zambiri zoziziritsa kukhosi zimakhala ndi carbonic kapena phosphoric acid, zomwe zimatha kusungunula mchere wofewa ndikusiya mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba.

Komwe Mungabwererenso
Ngati mbale ya granite pamwamba ikufunika kukonzedwanso, ganizirani ngati ntchito imeneyi ichitike pamalopo kapena pamalo oyezera. Nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti mbaleyo ikonzedwenso ku fakitale kapena pamalo ena apadera. Komabe, ngati mbaleyo sinawonongeke kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa mainchesi 0.001 kuchokera pa kulekerera kofunikira, ikhoza kukonzedwanso pamalopo. Ngati mbale yavala mpaka kufika poti yapitirira mainchesi 0.001 kuchokera pa kulekerera kofunikira, kapena ngati yaphwanyika kwambiri kapena yawonongeka, ndiye kuti iyenera kutumizidwa ku fakitale kuti ikaphwanyidwe isanayambikenso.

Malo oyezera ali ndi zida ndi malo a fakitale zomwe zimapereka mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yoyezera bwino mbale ndikukonzanso ngati pakufunika kutero.

Muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha katswiri wokonza ndi kukonzanso malo omwe alipo. Pemphani kuti akupatseni chilolezo ndikutsimikizira kuti zida zomwe katswiriyo azigwiritsa ntchito zili ndi njira yolondola yotsatirira ya NIST. Chidziwitso nachonso ndi chofunikira, chifukwa zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti muphunzire momwe mungapangire granite molondola.

Kuyeza kofunikira kumayamba ndi mbale yolondola ya granite pamwamba ngati maziko. Mwa kuonetsetsa kuti pali umboni wodalirika pogwiritsa ntchito mbale yolinganizidwa bwino, opanga ali ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri pakuyeza kodalirika komanso zida zabwino.

Mndandanda wa Kusanthula kwa Calibration

1. Pamwamba pake panatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ozizira musanayesedwe ndipo sanapatsidwe nthawi yokwanira kuti zinthu zisinthe.
2. Mbaleyi siithandizidwa bwino.
3. Kusintha kwa kutentha.
4. Ma drafti.
5. Kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kapena kutentha kwina kowala pamwamba pa mbaleyo. Onetsetsani kuti magetsi a pamwamba sakutenthetsa pamwamba pake.
6. Kusintha kwa kutentha koyima pakati pa nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe. Ngati n'kotheka, dziwani kutentha koyima panthawi yomwe kuyesedwa kumachitika.
7. Mbaleyi sinapereke nthawi yokwanira kuti isinthe pambuyo potumiza.
8. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira molakwika kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
9. Kusintha kwa pamwamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu.

Malangizo a Ukadaulo
Popeza muyeso uliwonse wa mzere umadalira malo olondola ofotokozera omwe miyeso yomaliza imatengedwa, ma plates apamwamba amapereka malo abwino kwambiri ofotokozera ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake asanayambe kupangidwa.

Kulamulira kusalala kwa malo apafupi mpaka kulekerera kolimba kuposa kusalala konse kumatsimikizira kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe a kusalala pamwamba, motero kuchepetsa zolakwika za m'deralo.