Monga chida chofunikira chofotokozera m'malo oyezera molondola, kukana kuvala kwa miyala ya granite kumatsimikizira moyo wawo wautumiki, kulondola kwake, komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera mwadongosolo mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kukana kwawo kuvala kuchokera kuzinthu zakuthupi, machitidwe ovala, ubwino wa ntchito, zomwe zimakhudza, ndi njira zosamalira.
1. Zinthu Zakuthupi ndi Valani Kukaniza Basics
Kuuma Kwabwino ndi Mapangidwe Owuma
Ma slabs a granite amapangidwa makamaka ndi pyroxene, plagioclase, ndi pang'ono biotite. Kupyolera mu kukalamba kwachilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, amapanga mawonekedwe abwino, kukwaniritsa kuuma kwa Mohs kwa 6-7, kulimba kwa Mphepete mwa nyanja kupitirira HS70, ndi mphamvu yopondereza ya 2290-3750 kg / cm².
Mipangidwe yaying'ono iyi (mayamwidwe amadzi <0.25%) imatsimikizira kulumikizana kolimba pakati patirigu, zomwe zimapangitsa kukana kukanda pamwamba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo choponyedwa (chomwe chimakhala ndi kuuma kwa HRC 30-40 yokha).
Kukalamba Kwachilengedwe ndi Kupsinjika Kwamkati Kutulutsidwa
Ma slabs a granite amatengedwa kuchokera ku miyala yamtengo wapatali ya pansi pa nthaka. Pambuyo pa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri a ukalamba wachilengedwe, zovuta zonse zamkati zatulutsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makristasi abwino, wandiweyani ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Kukhazikika kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti asatengeke ndi ma microcracks kapena mapindikidwe chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwapanthawi yogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, motero amasunga kukana kwake pakapita nthawi.
II. Valani Njira ndi Magwiridwe
Main Wear Mafomu
Abrasive Wear: Kudula pang'ono komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatsetsereka kapena kugudubuzika pamwamba. Kuuma kwakukulu kwa granite (kofanana ndi HRC> 51) kumapangitsa kuti 2-3 ikhale yolimba kwambiri ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tomwe timatulutsa chitsulo, kumachepetsa kwambiri kuya kwa zokopa.
Zovala Zomatira: Kusintha kwazinthu kumachitika pakati pa malo olumikizirana pansi pamavuto akulu. Zinthu zopanda zitsulo za granite (zopanda maginito komanso zopanda pulasitiki) zimalepheretsa zitsulo zomatira kuzitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale pafupifupi ziro.
Kutopa: Kusenda pamwamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa cyclic. Granite's high elastic modulus (1.3-1.5 × 10⁶kg/cm²) ndi kuyamwa kwamadzi otsika (<0.13%) kumapereka kukana kutopa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pakhale gloss ngati galasi ngakhale atagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito
Mayesero akuwonetsa kuti ma slabs a granite amangopeza 1/5-1/3 kuvala kwa chitsulo chonyezimira pansi pamikhalidwe yofananira.
Pamwamba pa roughness Ra mtengo umakhalabe wokhazikika mkati mwa 0.05-0.1μm kwa nthawi yaitali, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za Class 000 zolondola (kulekerera kwa flatness ≤ 1 × (1 + d / 1000) μm, kumene d ndi kutalika kwa diagonal).
III. Ubwino Wachikulu wa Wear Resistance
Low Friction Coefficient and Self-Bubrication
Malo osalala a granite, omwe ali ndi 0.1-0.15 yokha, amapereka kukana pang'ono pamene zida zoyezera zimadutsa, kuchepetsa mavalidwe.
Chikhalidwe chopanda mafuta cha granite chimathetsa kuvala kwachiwiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha fumbi lopangidwa ndi mafuta odzola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zotsika mtengo kuposa zopangira zitsulo (zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odana ndi dzimbiri nthawi zonse).
Kulimbana ndi Zimbiri ndi Chemical
Kuchita bwino kwambiri (palibe dzimbiri mkati mwa pH ya 0-14), yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo achinyezi ndi mankhwala.
Zinthu zolimbana ndi dzimbiri zimachotsa kuuma kwa pamwamba komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha dzimbiri zachitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa flatness <0.005mm/chaka pakagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
IV. Zofunika Kwambiri Zomwe Zimakhudza Kukaniza Kuvala
Kutentha Kozungulira ndi Chinyezi
Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha (> ± 5 ° C) kungayambitse kukula kwa matenthedwe ndi kutsika, kuchititsa ma microcracks. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa 20 ± 2 ° C ndi chinyezi cha 40-60%.
Chinyezi chachikulu (> 70%) chimathandizira kulowa kwa chinyezi. Ngakhale kuti granite imakhala ndi madzi otsika kwambiri, kuwonetsa chinyezi kwa nthawi yaitali kungachepetse kuuma kwa pamwamba.
Katundu ndi Contact Kupsinjika
Kuchulukitsa katundu wovotera (nthawi zambiri 1/10 ya mphamvu zopondereza) kungayambitse kuphwanya komweko. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wina wa granite slab uli ndi katundu wovotera wa 500kg/cm². M'kagwiritsidwe ntchito, katundu wanthawi yochepa wopitilira mtengowu ayenera kupewedwa.
Kugawikana kwapang'onopang'ono kosagwirizana kumathandizira kuvala. Thandizo la mfundo zitatu kapena kapangidwe ka katundu wogawidwa mofanana ndikulimbikitsidwa.
Kusamalira ndi Kuyeretsa
Musagwiritse ntchito maburashi achitsulo kapena zida zolimba poyeretsa. Gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yopanda fumbi yonyowa ndi mowa wa isopropyl kuti musakanda pamwamba.
Nthawi zonse fufuzani pamwamba pa roughness. Ngati mtengo wa Ra uposa 0.2μm, kukonzanso ndi kukonza kumafunika.
V. Kusamalira ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Njira Zotsutsana ndi Kuvala
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndi Kusunga Moyenera
Pewani kukhudza kwambiri kapena kugwa. Mphamvu zopitilira 10J zitha kuwononga mbewu.
Gwiritsani ntchito chothandizira panthawi yosungira ndikuphimba pamwamba ndi filimu yotsutsa fumbi kuti fumbi lisalowe mu micropores.
Chitani Mawerengedwe Olondola Nthawi Zonse
Yang'anani kusalala ndi mulingo wamagetsi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ngati cholakwika chaposa kuchuluka kwa kulolera (mwachitsanzo, cholakwika chovomerezeka cha mbale ya giredi 00 ndi ≤2×(1+d/1000)μm), bwererani kufakitale kuti mukakonze bwino.
Ikani sera yoteteza musanayisunge nthawi yayitali kuti muchepetse dzimbiri.
Kukonza ndi Kupanganso Njira
Zovala zapamtunda <0.1mm zitha kukonzedwa kwanuko ndi phala la diamondi kuti mubwezeretse galasi lomaliza la Ra ≤0.1μm.
Kuvala kwakuya (> 0.3mm) kumafuna kubwerera ku fakitale kuti agayenso, koma izi zidzachepetsa makulidwe onse a mbale (mtunda umodzi wogaya ≤0.5mm).
Kusagwirizana kwa ma slabs a granite kumachokera ku mgwirizano pakati pa zinthu zawo zachilengedwe za mchere ndi makina olondola. Mwa kukhathamiritsa malo ogwiritsira ntchito, kulinganiza njira yokonza ndikutengera ukadaulo wokonzanso, imatha kupitiliza kuwonetsa zabwino zake zolondola bwino komanso moyo wautali pamalo oyezera molondola, kukhala chida chofananira pakupanga mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-10-2025