Mbale ya pamwamba pa granite ndi maziko osatsutsika a metrology yooneka ngati yophweka—mwala wooneka ngati wosavuta womwe umagwira ntchito ngati njira yabwino kwambiri yoyezera molondola. Komabe, magwiridwe ake amatanthauzidwa ndi chododometsa: kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kuli konse mu khalidwe langwiro (kusalala kwathunthu) komwe, kwenikweni, kumayerekezeredwa kokha. Kwa akatswiri owongolera khalidwe, mainjiniya, ndi ogwira ntchito m'masitolo amakina, umphumphu wa maziko awa sungakambidwe, kufunikira kumvetsetsa kwakukulu za kulekerera kwake, kukonza, ndi kusamalira.
Kulondola kwa Kusakwanira: Kumvetsetsa Kusalala kwa Mbale Yapamwamba
Funso lofunika kwambiri, kodi granite pamwamba pake ndi yosalala bwanji, siliyankhidwa ndi nambala imodzi, koma ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa cholakwika chovomerezeka, chomwe chimadziwika kuti giredi yake. Kusalala kumayesedwa ngati kusintha kwa Total Indicator Reading (TIR) pamalo onse ogwirira ntchito, kupotoka komwe nthawi zambiri kumayesedwa mu mamiliyoni a inchi kapena ma micrometer. Ma plates apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amatchedwa Giredi AA (Laboratory Giredi) kapena Giredi 00, amakhala osalala modabwitsa. Pa mbale yapakatikati (monga, $24 nthawi 36$ mainchesi), kupotoka kuchokera ku lingaliro labwino kwambiri kungakhale kochepa pa mainchesi $0.00005 ($ 50 miliyoni). Uku ndi kulekerera kocheperako kuposa gawo lililonse lomwe limayesedwa. Pamene ma grade akutsika—Giredi 0 kapena A yowunikira, Giredi 1 kapena B ya Chipinda cha Zida—kulekerera kovomerezeka kumakula, koma ngakhale mbale ya Giredi 1 imasunga kusalala bwino kuposa benchi lililonse logwirira ntchito. Kusalala kumeneku kumachitika kudzera mu njira yapadera, yobwerezabwereza yotchedwa lapping, komwe akatswiri aluso kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma abrasives ndi ma master plates ang'onoang'ono kuti avale pamwamba pa granite mokwanira. Njira yogwira ntchito yovuta iyi ndichifukwa chake mbale yovomerezeka ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Komabe, zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangitsa granite kukhala yabwino kwambiri—kukula kwake kochepa kwa kutentha, kugwedezeka bwino kwa kugwedezeka, komanso kukana dzimbiri—zimangosunga kusalala kumeneku; sizimaletsa kuwonongeka kwake pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito.
Kusunga Moyenera: Kodi Granite Surface Plate Iyenera Kuyesedwa Kangati?
Mbale ya pamwamba ndi chizindikiro chamoyo chomwe chimataya kulondola kwake pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwabwinobwino, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, komanso zinyalala zazing'ono zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, yankho la kuchuluka kwa mbale ya pamwamba ya granite yomwe iyenera kuyezedwa nthawi zonse limadalira zinthu ziwiri zofunika: mphamvu yake yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mulingo wake. Mbale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamalo owunikira, makamaka zomwe zimathandizira zida zolemera kapena zigawo zazikulu (Mbale Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Kwambiri kapena Zofunikira, Giredi AA/0), ziyenera kuyezedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ndondomeko yokhwimayi imatsimikizira kuti mbaleyo imakhalabe mkati mwa zolekerera zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimafunikira pakuwunika koyambirira ndi kuyeza. Mbale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza, kukhazikitsa zida, kapena kuyang'ana khalidwe la malo ogulitsira (Mbale Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Moyenera, Giredi 1) nthawi zambiri zimatha kugwira ntchito pamiyezi 12 yoyezera, ngakhale ntchito yofunika kwambiri iyenera kuyambitsa kuyesedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngakhale mbale zomwe zimasungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi (Mbale Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Mochepa kapena Zofunikira) ziyenera kuyezedwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse, chifukwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza kukhazikika ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, zimatha kukhudza kusalala koyambirira. Njira yowerengera yokha imakhudza njira yapadera, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma elekitironi, ma auto-collimator, kapena makina oyezera a laser, kuti awonetse pamwamba pa mbale yonse ndikuyerekeza ndi zomwe zatsimikiziridwa. Lipotilo lomwe latuluka limafotokoza za kusalala kwa pano ndikuwonetsa madera omwe awonongeka, zomwe zimapereka maziko omveka bwino odziwira ngati mbaleyo iyenera kulumikizidwanso (kukonzedwanso) kuti ibwererenso pamlingo woyenera. Kunyalanyaza njirayi kumaika pachiwopsezo unyolo wonse wotsimikizira khalidwe; mbale yosakonzedwa ndi chinthu chosadziwika.
Gwirani Mosamala: Momwe Mungasunthire Mbale Yapamwamba ya Granite Motetezeka
Ma granite pamwamba ndi olemera kwambiri komanso ofooka modabwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayendedwe awo otetezeka akhale ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imafuna chidziwitso chapadera kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwakukulu kapena, choipa kwambiri, kuvulala kwa munthu. Mwachidule, kusagwira bwino ntchito kungaswe mbale kapena kuwononga kusalala kwake nthawi yomweyo. Mukayang'ana momwe mungasunthire granite pamwamba, njirayo iyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwirizana komanso kukhazikika panthawi yonseyi. Kukonzekera ndikofunikira: yeretsani njira yonse yoyendera. Musagwiritse ntchito ma forklift wamba pomwe ma tines amathandizira malo ochepa okha; izi zimalimbitsa kulemera ndipo mosakayikira zidzapangitsa granite kusweka. Pa mbale zazikulu, gwiritsani ntchito bala lofalitsa ndi zingwe zazikulu, zolimba (kapena zomangira zonyamulira zapadera) zopangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa mbale. Zingwezo ziyenera kumangidwa m'lifupi mwa mbale kuti zigawike mphamvu yonyamulira mofanana momwe zingathere. Posuntha mbaleyo mtunda waufupi kudutsa pansi pa shopu, mbaleyo iyenera kumangidwa pa skid yolimba, yokhazikika kapena pallet, ndipo ngati ilipo, zida zoyandama mpweya ndizabwino chifukwa zimachotsa kukangana ndikugawa kulemera kwa mbaleyo pansi. Palibe chifukwa choti mbaleyo isasunthidwe kapena kunyamulidwa m'mbali mwake zokha; Granite ndi yofooka kwambiri pakukakamira, ndipo kukweza kuchokera m'mbali kudzayambitsa kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe kungayambitse kusweka mosavuta. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mphamvu yokweza ikugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pansi pa chitsulocho.
Luso Laluso: Momwe Mungapangire Mbale Yapamwamba ya Granite
Kupanga mbale yolondola ya granite pamwamba ndi umboni wa luso lachikhalidwe logwirizana ndi metrology yamakono. Si chinthu chomwe chingapezeke m'sitolo yodziwika bwino yamakina. Mukafufuza momwe mungapangire mbale ya granite pamwamba, munthu amapeza kuti gawo lomaliza, lofunika kwambiri nthawi zonse limazungulira. Njirayi imayamba ndi kusankha mwala woyenera - nthawi zambiri granite wakuda wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, wotchuka chifukwa cha CTE yake yochepa komanso kuuma kwake kwakukulu. Slab yosaphika imadulidwa, kuphwanyidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mawilo akuluakulu a diamondi kuti ifike posalala koyambirira, ndikukhazikika. Granite iyenera "kukalamba" kuti ichepetse kupsinjika kulikonse kwamkati komwe kumatsekedwa mumwala panthawi yofukula ndi kukonza. Gawo lomaliza ndi kuzungulira, komwe mbaleyo imapukutidwa pogwiritsa ntchito slurry ndi ma master reference plates. Katswiriyo amagwira ntchito pamalo olamulidwa, nthawi zonse amayesa pamwamba pa mbaleyo pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga milingo yamagetsi. Kuchotsa zinthu kumachitika ndi manja kapena ndi makina apadera ozungulira, kuyang'ana mosamala malo okwera omwe apezeka panthawi yoyezera. Izi zimapitirira, nthawi zambiri kwa maola ambiri, mpaka kupotoka koyesedwa pamwamba ponseponse kugwera mkati mwa kulekerera kwa mainchesi ochepa komwe kumafunikira pamlingo womwe mukufuna. Njira yovutayi ndiyo yomwe imatsimikizira kusalala kotsimikizika komwe mainjiniya amadalira tsiku lililonse. Kutalika kwa nthawi komanso kudalirika kwa chinthu chomalizidwacho kumatsimikizira mtengo wa chinthu chapaderachi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-26-2025