Mu dziko la uinjiniya wolondola—kaya mukupanga ma micro-molds a zida zachipatala, kulumikiza zigawo za kuwala, kapena kutsimikizira zolumikizira zamlengalenga zomwe sizimalola kwambiri—malire a cholakwika ndi ochepa kwambiri. Komabe akatswiri ambiri amanyalanyaza chinthu chosavuta koma chofunikira chomwe chingasokoneze pang'onopang'ono ngakhale njira zapamwamba kwambiri zogwirira ntchito: malo ofunikira omwe amagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zaukadaulo wa zida zanu; nthawi zina, zimangokhudza kukhazikika komwe kuli pansi pake. Ndipo pamene malo ndi ochepa kapena ntchito ndi zovuta, mbale yaying'ono yoyenera ingapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.
Ngakhale matebulo akuluakulu owunikira granite ndi omwe amalamulira ma laboratories a metrology, masitolo ang'onoang'ono, madipatimenti ofufuza ndi chitukuko, ndi magulu otumikira kumunda amadalira kwambiri nsanja zazing'ono komanso zapamwamba za granite kuti atsimikizire kulondola komwe malo ogwirira ntchito ndi ochepa komanso kuti kunyamulika kumafunika. Izi si zida "zochepa" - ndi njira zopangidwira cholinga zomwe zapangidwa kuti zipereke umphumphu wofanana ndi wazinthu zina zazikulu, zomwe zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana kwambiri. Zophatikizidwa ndi zodalirikazida zoyezera granite—monga ma gauge a kutalika, zizindikiro zoyimbira, ma gage blocks, ndi ma precision squares—mini surface plate imakhala selo yonyamulika ya metrology, zomwe zimathandiza kuti miyeso itsatidwe kulikonse kuyambira pansi pakupanga mpaka pa benchi yotsukira.
Koma nayi mfundo: kukula sikukuchotsani ku udindo wowerengera. Monga momwe zilili ndi machitidwe akuluakulu, ma reference awa ang'onoang'ono amafunikira kuwerengera tebulo la pamwamba nthawi ndi nthawi kuti likhale lodalirika. Kupatuka kwa ma microns 5 okha pa mbale ya 200 x 300 mm kungawoneke ngati kochepa - mpaka mutayesa kulolerana kwa 0.01 mm pa nozzle ya injector yamafuta kapena kulumikiza chogwirira cha semiconductor wafer. Pa mulingo umenewo, ngakhale ma warpage ang'onoang'ono kapena kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika kungasinthe kukhala ma read abodza, kukonzanso, kapena kusatsatira malamulo omwe sanadziwike. Ichi ndichifukwa chake opanga otsogola amagwiritsa ntchito granite iliyonse - mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake - ngati chinthu chopangidwa bwino, osati miyala yokha.
Sayansi ya kudalirika kumeneku ili mu makhalidwe a granite wakuda wofanana ndi metrology. Mosiyana ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo, chomwe chimakula ndi kusintha kwa kutentha ndi dzimbiri pakapita nthawi, granite imapereka kukhazikika kwapadera kwa mawonekedwe. Kuchuluka kwake kochepa kwa kutentha (nthawi zambiri 6–8 µm/m·°C), kuchuluka kwakukulu (~2.97 g/cm³), ndi makhalidwe achilengedwe ochepetsa kugwedezeka zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwira ntchito molondola. Ikalumikizidwa bwino ku Giredi 0 kapena Giredi 00 yosalala motsatira miyezo ya ISO 8512-2 kapena ASME B89.3.7, mbale yaying'ono ya pamwamba imapereka mawonekedwe enieni omwe amakhalabe ofanana nthawi zonse pa ntchito.
Kugwirizana kumeneku ndiko komwe kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zolondolatebulo la granitenjira zoyezera. Kaya mukupotoza ma gage blocks kuti muyike master wa kutalika, kuyang'ana sikweya ndi mbale yolondola ya ngodya, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro choyimbira cha lever kuti mutsimikizire kuthamanga, unyolo wonse wa muyeso umaganiza kuti pamwamba pa maziko ndi wangwiro. Ngati sichoncho, kuwerenga kulikonse kumalandira cholakwika chimenecho—chete komanso mosawoneka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makina apamwamba kwambiri samangokhala ndi malo a granite okha; amalemba mbiri yawo yoyezera, amawongolera malo awo, ndikuzisiya pokhapokha ngati kukonzanso kutsimikizira kuti kwapitirira malire oyenera.
Ku ZHHIMG, tagwira ntchito ndi makasitomala omwe poyamba ankakana kufunika kwa mbale yovomerezeka ya mini surface, poganiza kuti benchi ya akatswiri awo amakina kapena chidutswa cha granite chotsalira chingakhale chokwanira. Wopanga zamagetsi wina ku Germany adapeza kuti ma calibration a probe osagwirizana anali kumbuyo kwa maziko a aluminiyamu opotoka omwe akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Atasintha kupita ku mbale yocheperako ya 300 x 450 mm ya Giredi 0 yokhala ndi satifiketi yonse yowunikira, kubwerezabwereza kwawo kunakula ndi kupitirira 60%. Zida zawo sizinasinthe—koma maziko awo anasintha.
Chofunikanso ndi momwe ma plates ang'onoang'ono awa amagwirizanirana ndi zida zamakono zoyezera granite. Ma geji a kutalika kwa digito, ma comparator optical, komanso manja a CMM onyamulika nthawi zambiri amafunikira chizindikiro chokhazikika, chathyathyathya kuti akhazikitsidwe kapena kutsimikiziridwa. Mini plate yapamwamba kwambiri imagwira ntchito ngati nangula, kuonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana sikusokonezedwa ndi malo osalinganika kapena osakhazikika pa kutentha. Kwa akatswiri akumunda omwe akuchita kukonza kapena kuwerengera pamalopo, granite plate yonyamulika imakhala muyezo woyenda—kubweretsa chidaliro cha lab kumadera akutali.
Ndipo mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, granite si yofooka pakugwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale imatha kusweka ngati yamenyedwa mwachindunji ndi chitsulo cholimba, imapirira kwambiri kuvala tsiku ndi tsiku. Siichita dzimbiri, siifuna mafuta, ndipo siingasinthe chifukwa cha chinyezi. Ndi chisamaliro choyambira—kuyeretsa nthawi zonse ndi isopropyl alcohol, kupewa kugunda kwambiri, ndikuisunga bwino—imatha kupereka chithandizo chodalirika kwa zaka zambiri. Ma mini plate ambiri omwe tawaona akugwira ntchito kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 akadali ndi mawonekedwe awo oyambirira a flattened, chifukwa cha momwe amagwirira ntchito bwino komanso kukonza tebulo pamwamba pake.
Mukasankha mbale yaying'ono pamwamba, yang'anani kupitirira kukula kwake. Tsimikizani kuti granite ndi yosalala ndi satifiketi yeniyeni—osati zotsatsa. Onetsetsani kuti granite ndi yosalala, yopepuka kupsinjika, komanso yopanda ming'alu kapena mitsempha ya quartz yomwe ingakhudze kukhazikika. Ogulitsa odziwika bwino amapereka zikalata zonse, kuphatikizapo mapu osalala omwe akuwonetsa kupotoka kuchokera pamwamba kupita ku chigwa. Pa ntchito zofunika kwambiri, ganizirani ma plate okhala ndi manambala otsatizana ndi ziphaso zoyeserera za NIST kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za ISO 9001 kapena AS9100.
Ku ZHHIMG, tikukhulupirira kuti kulondola sikuyenera kusungidwa m'ma laboratories akuluakulu okhala ndi malo opanda malire. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timapereka mayankho osiyanasiyana ang'onoang'ono a plate pamwamba—iliyonse yoyesedwa payekhapayekha, yokonzedwa, komanso yotsimikizika motsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Timagwirizana ndi ma workshop apamwamba omwe amaphatikiza njira zachikhalidwe zolumikizirana ndi manja ndi kutsimikizika kwamakono kwa interferometric, kuonetsetsa kuti plate iliyonse ikukwaniritsa giredi yake yotchulidwa. Ndipo chifukwa tikumvetsa kuti kulinganiza kukupitilira, timapereka malangizo pa nthawi zowongolera ndi ntchito zothandizira kuti malo anu owunikira akhale odalirika kwa zaka zikubwerazi.
Chifukwa pamapeto pake, metrology si yokhudza kukula—ndi yokhudza zoona. Kaya mukuyeza tsamba la turbine kapena micro-gear, deta yanu ndi yoona ngati pamwamba pake. Musalole kuti zinthu zisokoneze chidaliro. Mbale yaying'ono yosamaliridwa bwino, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zoyezera granite zoyezera komanso yothandizidwa ndi kuwerengera tebulo la pamwamba nthawi zonse, si yapamwamba—ndiyo maziko a muyeso wodalirika.
Dzifunseni nokha: mukawerenga mozama kwambiri lero, kodi mumadziwa kuti nkhope yanu ndi yathyathyathya—kapena mukuganiza? Ku ZHHIMG, timakuthandizani kusintha kukayikira ndi kutsimikizika—micron imodzi panthawi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-09-2025