M'magawo omanga ndi mafakitale, granite imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuuma kwake, kuchulukana kwake, kukana asidi ndi alkali, komanso kukana nyengo. Zotsatirazi ndi kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane kwa inu ngati mtundu wa granite umakhudza kuchulukana kwake komanso momwe mungasankhire granite yokhazikika kwambiri pankhani ya zida zolondola zamafakitale.
Ubale pakati pa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa granite
Granite imapangidwa makamaka ndi mchere monga quartz, feldspar ndi mica, ndipo mtundu wake umadalira mitundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo zomwe zilimo. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu, pali mgwirizano winawake pakati pa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu, koma si ubale wachindunji ndi chifukwa.
Kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka mchere: Wopepuka gRanite, monga imvi yoyera komanso yofiira, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi quartz ndi feldspar. Miyala iwiriyi ili ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso kokhazikika. Kuchuluka kwa quartz kumayambira pa 2.6 mpaka 2.7g/cm³, pomwe kwa feldspar kumasiyana kuyambira 2.5 mpaka 2.8g/cm³ kutengera mtundu wake. Kuchuluka kwa mchere wotere kumabweretsa kukwera kwa kuchuluka kwa granite yowala. Granite yakuda, monga yakuda ndi yobiriwira, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mchere wambiri wachitsulo ndi magnesium komanso mchere wamdima monga amphibole ndi biotite. Kuchuluka kwa amphibole ndi pafupifupi 3.0-3.4g /cm³, ndipo kwa biotite ndi pafupifupi 2.7-3.1g /cm³. Komabe, granite yakuda ikakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zolemera (monga chitsulo ndi manganese), kuchuluka kwake kudzawonjezeka.
Mlingo wa kristalo ndi mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake: Nthawi zina mtundu ukhoza kusonyeza kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa kristalo ndi kapangidwe ka granite. Granite yokhala ndi kristalo yambiri komanso kapangidwe kokhuthala imakhala ndi mtundu wofanana komanso wokhazikika, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kokwera kwambiri. Izi zili choncho chifukwa tinthu ta mchere timayikidwa bwino ndipo tili ndi kulemera kwakukulu pa unit volume. Granite yokhala ndi kristalo yofooka komanso kapangidwe kotayirira ikhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosalala komanso yosagwirizana, mipata yambiri yamkati, komanso kuchuluka kochepa.
Kusankha granite m'munda wa zida zolondola zamafakitale
Pankhani ya zida zolondola zamafakitale, zofunikira pa kukhazikika kwa granite zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, granite yoyenera imasankhidwa poganizira zinthu zingapo:
Kapangidwe ka mchere ndi kapangidwe kake: Granite yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa quartz ndi feldspar komanso kufalikira kofanana ndiyo yabwino kwambiri. Mtundu uwu wa granite uli ndi kapangidwe kokhazikika ka mkati, komwe kungathandize kuchepetsa kusintha kwa zinthu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kupsinjika kwamkati ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zikugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, granite yokhala ndi kristalo wambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso tofanana, komanso kapangidwe kokhuthala ndiye chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa. Pakagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, imatha kusunga bwino kulondola ndikuchepetsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake pa kulondola kwa zida.
Zizindikiro za magwiridwe antchito: Granite imafunika kukhala ndi chiŵerengero chochepa cha kuyamwa madzi, nthawi zambiri chochepera 0.5%, kuti ipewe mavuto monga kukula kwa voliyumu ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyamwa madzi, zomwe zingakhudze kulondola kwa zida. Chiŵerengero cha kukula kwa kutentha chiyenera kukhala chochepa. Mwachiyembekezo, chiyenera kukhala chochepera 8×10⁻⁶/℃ kuti muchepetse kusintha kwa kukula komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu yokakamiza iyenera kukhala yokwera, nthawi zambiri yoposa 150MPa, kuti iwonetsetse kuti imatha kupirira mphamvu zosiyanasiyana panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito zida.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa: Jinan Green Granite, Indian Black, South African Black ndi granite ina yakuda, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okhuthala, yokhala ndi kutentha kochepa komanso yolimba, ndipo ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira zowunikira zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri kuti zikhale zolondola komanso zokhazikika. Granite yoyera ya Sesame, yokhala ndi mtundu wopepuka, tinthu ta mchere tofanana, komanso kuuma kwambiri komanso mphamvu, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zamagetsi ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuyika bwino kwambiri komanso kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali kwa zidazo.
Pomaliza, ngakhale pali mgwirizano wina pakati pa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa granite, posankha granite m'munda wa zida zolondola zamafakitale, ndikofunikira kuganizira mozama zinthu zingapo monga kapangidwe ka mchere, kapangidwe kake, ndi katundu wake kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kwakukulu komanso kukhazikika kwa zidazo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-19-2025