Kufunafuna kulondola ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha makampani amakono aukadaulo. Kuyambira pakupanga zinthu za semiconductor mpaka kuyenda kwa makina a CNC othamanga kwambiri, chofunikira chachikulu ndi kukhazikika kwathunthu ndi kulondola komwe kumayesedwa mu nanometers. Kufunikira kosalekeza kumeneku kwa kulekerera kwabwino kwapangitsa kuti zipangizo zambiri zachikhalidwe zisakwanire, zomwe zatsogolera mainjiniya ndi akatswiri a metro kubwerera ku yankho looneka ngati lachikale: granite. Mwala wolimba uwu, wopangidwa mwachilengedwe, ukasankhidwa ndikukonzedwa ndi magulu apadera monga ZHONGHUI (ZHHIMG®), umapanga maziko ofunikira, opanda phokoso omwe mbadwo wotsatira wa zida zamafakitale umagwirira ntchito.
Dziko la metrology, mwa tanthauzo lake, liyenera kukhazikitsa njira yodziwira kukhazikika kopanda vuto. Makina akafuna kupeza mfundo molondola, chilengedwe ndi zinthu zoyambira ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kupatuka kulikonse komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha, kupsinjika kwamkati, kapena kugwedezeka kwa malo kumatha kufalitsa zolakwika zomwe zimawononga kupanga kokwera mtengo. Apa ndi pomwe sayansi ya zinthu za granite wakuda yapadera imapambana chitsulo kapena chitsulo choponyedwa.
Chofunika Kwambiri pa Zinthu: Chifukwa Chake Granite Imachita Bwino Kuposa Chitsulo
Maziko a zida zamakina amakono nthawi zambiri ankamangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo. Ngakhale kuti zitsulozi zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zimakhala ndi zovuta ziwiri zazikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito molondola kwambiri: mphamvu yochepa yochepetsera kutentha komanso kuchuluka kwa ma coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). Maziko achitsulo amalira ngati belu akamakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu zakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino zomwe zimasokoneza nthawi yomweyo njira zoyezera kapena zopangira. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kumayambitsa kukula kwakukulu kapena kupindika, kusokoneza maziko ndikuchotsa makina onse pamlingo woyenera.
Granite, makamaka mitundu yapadera komanso yolimba kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi atsogoleri amakampani, imasinthasintha equation iyi. Kapangidwe kake ndi ka isotropic mwachilengedwe, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana mbali zonse, ndipo CTE yake ndi yotsika kwambiri kuposa ya zitsulo. Chofunika kwambiri, granite ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yochepetsera kugwedezeka kwa zinthu - imayamwa ndikuchotsa kugwedezeka kwa makina mwachangu. Kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kugwedezeka kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lokhalo lodalirika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kovuta kwambiri, monga Makina Oyezera Ogwirizana (CMMs) ndi zida zapamwamba zowunikira ma wafer.
Mwachitsanzo, granite wakuda wa ZHHIMG uli ndi kuchuluka kwa 3100 kg/m³. Kuchuluka kwapadera kumeneku sikungathe kukambidwa; kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchepa kwa porosity komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kukana kuyamwa kwa chinyezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawoli likhale lolimba motsutsana ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Kugwira ntchito kwapamwamba kumeneku—komwe akatswiri ambiri amapeza kuti kumaposa ngakhale granite wakuda wamba ku Europe ndi America—ndi gawo loyamba la chidaliro lomwe limamangidwa mu gawo lililonse. Kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera ku muyezo uwu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotsika mtengo kapena njira zina zotsika mtengo za marble, kumabweretsa zofooka zakuthupi zomwe zimasokoneza kulondola kwa nanometer komwe kasitomala amafunikira. Kudzipereka kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zokha ndi chizindikiro cha makhalidwe abwino komanso chaukadaulo mumakampani awa.
Nkhondo Yolimbana ndi Phokoso la Zachilengedwe: Nsanja yoteteza kugwedezeka kwa granite
Mu malo olondola, mdani wamkulu si makina okha, koma phokoso lakumbuyo: mapazi a woyendetsa, phokoso la galimoto yakutali, kapena kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka HVAC komwe kakuchitika pafupi. Kugwedezeka kwa chilengedwe kumeneku komwe kumawoneka ngati kosafunikira ndikokwanira kusokoneza chithunzi pansi pa maikulosikopu yayikulu kapena kuyambitsa phokoso mu ntchito yabwino yopangira makina. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nsanja yotetezedwa ndi granite ndi yofunika kwambiri—imagwira ntchito ngati linga lomaliza la bata pakati pa dziko lakunja losokonezeka ndi makina oyesera osavuta.
Mapulatifomu awa si ma granite slabs okha; ndi makina opangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za granite zochepetsera kutentha mogwirizana ndi makina apamwamba opumira mpweya kapena elastomeric isolation. Kusakhazikika kwakukulu komwe kumaperekedwa ndi granite yolemera kwambiri kumasefa bwino kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency apamwamba, pomwe makina ogwirira ntchito osungunuka amathetsa kusokonezeka kwa ma frequency otsika. Kulemera kwakukulu ndi kuuma kwa gawo la granite—lopangidwa ndi malo omwe amatha kugwira ntchito ndi nyumba za monolithic mpaka matani 100—kumatsimikizira kuti ma frequency achilengedwe a msonkhano wonse akukankhidwira pansi kwambiri kuposa ma frequency achizolowezi ogwirira ntchito a zida zozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo 'achete' komwe kuyeza kungachitike popanda kusokonezedwa.
Kumangidwa kwa malo opangira zinthu ndi umboni wa kufunika kwa nsanjayi. Malo opangira zinthu apadera, monga omwe amasamalidwa ndi ZHHIMG, ali ndi zipinda zoyera zolamulidwa ndi kutentha, komanso chinyezi nthawi zonse, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi malo okwana 10,000 m². Malo amenewa amagwiritsa ntchito pansi pa konkriti wokhuthala kwambiri, woletsa kugwedezeka, nthawi zina wopitirira 1000 mm kuya, ndipo amazunguliridwa ndi ngalande zozama zoletsa kugwedezeka. Ngakhale ma cranes apamwamba mkati mwa malo osonkhanira awa amasankhidwa kuti agwire ntchito yawo 'yosamveka'. Kuyika ndalama kumeneku pamalo okhazikika ndikofunikira, makamaka pazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala monga kusonkhana kwa semiconductor, komwe magwiridwe antchito a nsanjayi amalamulira mwachindunji phindu. Nzeru zaukadaulo ndi zosavuta koma zosasinthasintha: ngati simungathe kuyeza malo molondola, simungathe kupanga nsanja yodalirika.
Kufotokozera Molondola: Udindo wa Olamulira a Granite Okhazikika
Kukhazikika komwe kumaperekedwa ndi nsanja yoyambira kuyenera kusamutsidwira ku ziwalo zoyenda za makinawo, ndipo pamapeto pake, kutsimikiziridwa ndi zida zoyezera. Kutsimikizira kumeneku kumadalira miyezo yolondola yomwe siili ndi chifukwa. Apa ndi pomwe Granite square ruler yolondola kwambiri ya Grade AA ndi Granite Straight Ruler yapadera yokhala ndi malo anayi olondola imakhala zida zofunika kwambiri.
Muyezo wa Giredi AA
TheWolamulira wa sikweya wa graniteGiredi AA ndiye muyezo wodziwika bwino wa kulondola kwa angular ndi malo mu CMMs ndi makina apamwamba osonkhanitsira zida. Dzina la 'Giredi AA' lokha ndi muyezo wodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi (nthawi zambiri umagwirizana ndi ma specifications monga DIN 875 kapena ASME B89.3.7) womwe umasonyeza mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa kulekerera kwa geometric. Kukwaniritsa giredi iyi kumafuna kufanana, perpendicularity, ndi kulekerera kolunjika komwe kumayesedwa m'zigawo za micron—milingo yomwe ingapezeke kokha kudzera mu kukhazikika kwa zinthu ndi njira zomaliza zovuta kwambiri. Pamene womanga makina akufunika kuwonetsetsa kuti vertical axis (Z-axis) ili yolunjika bwino ku horizontal plane (XY plane), Giredi AA square ruler imapereka chizindikiro chosasinthika, cholinganizidwa chomwe geometry ya makina imatsekedwa. Popanda chida ichi, kulondola kwa geometric kotsimikizika sikungatheke.
Kusinthasintha kwa Zolemba Zosiyanasiyana
Chida Cholunjika cha Granite chokhala ndi malo anayi olondola ndi chida china chofunikira kwambiri, makamaka pogwirizanitsa makina oyenda molunjika oyenda nthawi yayitali, monga omwe amapezeka mumakina obowola a PCB kapena odulira laser akuluakulu. Mosiyana ndi ma rulers osavuta, nkhope zinayi zolondola zimalola kuti chidacho chigwiritsidwe ntchito osati kungotsimikizira kulunjika m'litali mwake komanso kuonetsetsa kufanana ndi sikweya pakati pa zinthu zamakina nthawi imodzi. Mphamvu iyi yokhala ndi malo ambiri ndi yofunika kwambiri pakuchita ma geometry athunthu pomwe kuyanjana pakati pa ma axes angapo kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Kumaliza kolondola pamalo awa, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chidziwitso ndi machitidwe osonkhanitsidwa kwa zaka zambiri, kumalola zida izi kuti zigwire ntchito osati ngati zida zowunikira zokha komanso ngati zida zosonkhanitsira zokha.
Ulamuliro Wosagwedezeka wa Ukadaulo ndi Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse
Gawo lomaliza, lomwe nthawi zambiri silinyalanyazidwa, la ulamuliro ndi kulondola ndi gawo la anthu lomwe limaphatikizidwa ndi kutsatira molimbika miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Ulendo wochokera ku chipika chosaphika cha miyala kupita ku malo ofunikira okhala ndi nanometer umalamulidwa ndi njira yomwe ndi yasayansi komanso yaukadaulo.
Opanga otsogola amazindikira kuti kutsatira miyezo yokhwima yapadziko lonse lapansi—kuphatikizapo DIN yaku Germany (monga DIN 876, DIN 875), American GGGP-463C-78 ndi ASME, Japanese JIS, ndi British BS817—sikungakambiranedwe. Luso lapadziko lonse lapansili likutsimikizira kuti chinthu chopangidwa ku Asia chikhoza kuphatikizidwa bwino mu makina omangidwa motsatira zomwe zili ku Europe kapena kuyezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito CMM yoyesedwa ndi America.
Njirayi ikugwirizana ndi luso la akatswiri otsiriza. Sikokomeza kunena kuti zigawo za granite zokonzedwa bwino kwambiri zimamalizidwa ndi manja. M'ma workshop apadera a magulu odzipereka kulondola kwambiri, akatswiri opera ali ndi zaka zoposa makumi atatu akudziwa. Monga momwe makasitomala nthawi zambiri amawafotokozera, ndi "oyenda pamlingo wamagetsi." Kuzindikira kwawo kogwira mtima kumawalola kuyeza kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu kupita ku mulingo wa single-micron kapena sub-micron ndi kayendedwe kamodzi, kochitidwa ka grinding lap - luso lomwe palibe makina a CNC omwe angatsanzire. Kudzipereka kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti ngakhale kulondola komwe kumafunika kwa chinthucho ndi 1 μm, mmisiriyo akugwira ntchito kuti athe kulekerera nthawi zambiri kufika pa sikelo ya nanometer.
Kuphatikiza apo, luso lamanja ili limatsimikiziridwa ndi zomangamanga zapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi za metrology, kuphatikizapo Mahr (mpaka 0.5 μm), Swiss WYLER electronic levels, ndi British Reinshaw Laser Interferometers. Chida chilichonse chowunikira chiyenera kutsatiridwa ndi mabungwe a metrology apadziko lonse lapansi komanso apadziko lonse lapansi, ndikupanga unyolo wosasweka wa ulamuliro wowongolera. Njira yonseyi—zinthu zapamwamba, malo apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi, kutsatira miyezo yosiyanasiyana yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi luso lotsimikizika la anthu—ndi zomwe zimasiyanitsa atsogoleri enieni mu granite yolondola.
Tsogolo Ndi Lokhazikika
Kugwiritsa ntchito maziko okhazikika kwambiri awa kukupitilira kukula mofulumira, kupitirira CMM zachikhalidwe kupita ku magawo omwe akukula kwambiri: maziko a machitidwe a laser a Femtosecond ndi Picosecond, nsanja za Linear Motor Stages, maziko a zida zatsopano zowunikira mabatire amagetsi, ndi mabenchi ofunikira olumikizira makina ophimba a perovskite.
Makampaniwa akulamulidwa ndi chowonadi chosavuta, chophatikizidwa bwino ndi nzeru za atsogoleri ake: "Bizinesi yolondola singakhale yovuta kwambiri." Pampikisano wa kulekerera kwabwino kwambiri, mgwirizano wodalirika ndi wogulitsa wodzipereka ku Openness, Innovation, Integrity, and Unity—ndipo amene amalonjeza kuti Palibe chinyengo, Palibe kubisa, Palibe kusokeretsa—umakhala wofunikira kwambiri monga momwe zigawozo zilili. Kutalika ndi ulamuliro wa zigawo zapadera za granite zimatsimikizira kuti nthawi zina, mayankho ovuta kwambiri amachokera ku zipangizo zoyambirira kwambiri, kukonzedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa ku miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri ya makhalidwe abwino ndi yaukadaulo yomwe dziko lapansi limafuna. Kukhazikika kwa miyala kumakhalabe chowonadi chosagwedezeka m'dziko losakhazikika la kulondola kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-08-2025