Pankhani ya kuyesa kwa semiconductor, kusankha kwazinthu papulatifomu yoyeserera kumachita gawo lalikulu pakuyesa kulondola komanso kukhazikika kwa zida. Poyerekeza ndi zida zachitsulo zotayidwa, granite ikukhala chisankho chabwino pamapulatifomu oyesera a semiconductor chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwake.
Kukana kwa dzimbiri kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali
Pakuyesa kwa semiconductor, ma reagents osiyanasiyana amankhwala nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa, monga yankho la potaziyamu hydroxide (KOH) lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chithunzithunzi, ndi zinthu zowononga kwambiri monga hydrofluoric acid (HF) ndi nitric acid (HNO₃) polemba. Chitsulo chotayira chimapangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo. M'malo opangira mankhwala oterowo, kuchepetsedwa kwa okosijeni kumachitika kwambiri. Ma atomu achitsulo amataya ma elekitironi ndipo amasinthidwa ndi zinthu za acidic mu yankho, kuchititsa dzimbiri mwachangu pamwamba, kupanga dzimbiri ndi kupsinjika, ndikuwononga kutsetsereka komanso kulondola kwa nsanja.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mchere wa granite umachititsa kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri. Chigawo chake chachikulu, quartz (SiO₂), chimakhala ndi mankhwala okhazikika kwambiri ndipo sichimakhudzidwa ndi ma acid ndi maziko wamba. Minerals monga feldspar amakhalanso inert m'madera ambiri mankhwala. Kuyesa kochulukirapo kwawonetsa kuti m'malo omwewo omwe amazindikira ma semiconductor, kukana kwa corrosion kwa mankhwala a granite ndikokwera kuwirikiza ka 15 kuposa chitsulo choponyedwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti a granite kungachepetse kwambiri mafupipafupi ndi mtengo wa kukonza zipangizo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi dzimbiri, kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa zipangizozo, ndikuonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika kwa nthawi yaitali kumadziwika bwino.
Kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kulondola kwa mulingo wa nanometer
Kuyesa kwa semiconductor kuli ndi zofunika kwambiri pakukhazikika kwa nsanja ndipo kumafunika kuyeza ndendende mawonekedwe a chip pa nanoscale. Coefficient of thermal expansion of cast iron iron is high, pafupifupi 10-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Kutentha kopangidwa ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida zodziwira kapena kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kozungulira kumayambitsa kufalikira kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi kutsika kwa nsanja yachitsulo choponyedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupatukana pakati pa kafukufuku wozindikira ndi chip ndikukhudza kulondola kwa kuyeza.
Coefficient of thermal expansion of granite ndi 0.6-5 × 10⁻⁶/℃ yokha, yomwe ili kachigawo kakang'ono kapena kotsika kwambiri kachitsulo. Mapangidwe ake ndi wandiweyani. Kupsyinjika kwamkati kumachotsedwa makamaka chifukwa cha kukalamba kwachilengedwe kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo kumakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Kuonjezera apo, granite imakhala yolimba kwambiri, yokhala ndi kuuma kwa 2 mpaka 3 nthawi yayitali kuposa yachitsulo (yofanana ndi HRC> 51), yomwe ingathe kukana zotsatira zakunja ndi kugwedezeka ndi kusunga kutsetsereka ndi kuwongoka kwa nsanja. Mwachitsanzo, pakuzindikira kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa chip circuit, nsanja ya granite imatha kuwongolera cholakwika cha flatness mkati mwa ± 0.5μm/m, kuwonetsetsa kuti zida zodziwikiratu zimathabe kuzindikira kulondola kwa nanoscale m'malo ovuta.
Katundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa anti-magnetic, kupanga malo odziwika bwino
Zida zamagetsi ndi masensa mu zida zoyesera za semiconductor zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi mlingo wina wa maginito. M'malo opangira ma elekitirodi, imapanga mphamvu yamaginito, yomwe ingasokoneze maginito amagetsi pazida zodziwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kusokonekera kwa ma siginecha ndi chidziwitso chosadziwika bwino.
Komano, granite ndi chinthu choletsa maginito ndipo sichimapangidwa ndi maginito akunja. Ma elekitironi amkati amakhala awiriawiri mkati mwa zomangira zamankhwala, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi okhazikika, osakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zakunja. M'malo olimba a maginito a 10mT, mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangidwira pamwamba pa granite ndi yocheperapo 0.001mT, pamene pamwamba pa chitsulo choponyedwa ndi chokwera kuposa 8mT. Izi zimathandiza kuti nsanja ya granite ipange malo abwino amagetsi opangira zida zodziwira, makamaka zoyenera pazochitika zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri za phokoso lamagetsi monga quantum chip kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa analogi, kupititsa patsogolo kudalirika ndi kusasinthasintha kwa zotsatira zowunikira.
Pomanga nsanja zoyesera za semiconductor, granite yapambana kwambiri kuposa zida zachitsulo zotayidwa chifukwa cha zabwino zake monga kukana dzimbiri, kukhazikika komanso anti-magnetism. Pamene ukadaulo wa semiconductor ukupita patsogolo kwambiri, granite itenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti zida zoyezera zikuyenda bwino komanso kulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwamakampani opanga ma semiconductor.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-15-2025