Magawo aukadaulo a granite mechanical foundation.

 

Granite, mwala woyaka moto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, umadziwika chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso mphamvu zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira pamakina opangira ma projekiti osiyanasiyana omanga. Kumvetsetsa magawo aumisiri a maziko amakina a granite ndikofunikira kwa mainjiniya ndi omanga kuti atsimikizire kukhulupirika komanso moyo wautali.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zaukadaulo za granite ndi mphamvu yake yopondereza, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira 100 mpaka 300 MPa. Mphamvu yopondereza iyi yayikulu imalola granite kupirira katundu wambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera makina olemera ndi zida. Kuphatikiza apo, granite imawonetsa kutsika kochepa, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 0.1% mpaka 0.5%, zomwe zimathandizira kukana kulowa m'madzi ndi kutentha kwanyengo, kupititsa patsogolo kukwanira kwake pamakina.

Chizindikiro china chofunikira ndi modulus ya elasticity, yomwe granite imakhala pafupifupi 50 mpaka 70 GPa. Katunduyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingasokonezedwe ndi kupsinjika, ndikuwunikira momwe zimagwirira ntchito pansi pa katundu wosunthika. Kutsika kwamafuta otsika kwambiri a granite, kuzungulira 5 mpaka 7 x 10 ^ -6 / ° C, kumatsimikizira kuti kumasunga umphumphu wake ngakhale ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chodalirika cha maziko a nyengo zosiyanasiyana.

Kachulukidwe ka granite, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 2.63 mpaka 2.75 g/cm³, amathandizanso kwambiri pakupanga maziko. Kuchulukana kwakukulu kumathandizira kukhazikika kwathunthu kwa maziko, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhazikika kapena kusuntha pakapita nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kwa granite ku abrasion ndi kuvala kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamaziko omwe ali ndi magalimoto ambiri kapena kupsinjika kwamakina.

Pomaliza, magawo aukadaulo a maziko amakina a granite, kuphatikiza mphamvu zopondereza, modulus of elasticity, low porosity, and high density, zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwake ngati maziko. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu izi, mainjiniya amatha kupanga maziko olimba komanso olimba amakina omwe amakwaniritsa zomanga zamakono.