Granite, monga chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, kukongoletsa, zida zolondola komanso zinthu zina, kuchuluka kwake ndi chizindikiro chofunikira poyesa ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito. Posankha zipangizo za granite, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwawo. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane.
I. Kuphatikizika kwa Mchere
Granite imapangidwa makamaka ndi mchere monga quartz, feldspar ndi mica. Kapangidwe ka kristalo, kuchuluka kwake, ndi mtundu wa mcherewu zimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mchere. Kapangidwe ka kristalo ka quartz ndi feldspar ndi kakang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mchere awiriwa mu granite kuli kwakukulu, kuchuluka konsekonse kudzawonjezekanso moyenerera. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya granite yokhala ndi quartz ndi feldspar yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, kapangidwe ka kristalo ka mica kamakhala kotayirira. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mica mu granite kuli kwakukulu, kudzapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwake kuchepe. Kuphatikiza apo, granite yokhala ndi mchere wambiri wokhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyu monga chitsulo ndi magnesium nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Granite, yomwe ili ndi mchere wochuluka wa silicate, imakhala ndi kuchuluka kochepa.
II. Kukula ndi Kapangidwe ka Tinthu
Kukula kwa tinthu
Tinthu ta granite tikakhala tating'onoting'ono, timaunjikana kwambiri, ndipo tinthu tamkati timakhala tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa voliyumu pa unit imodzi kuchuluke komanso kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pa granite yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tovuta kulongedza pamodzi ndipo pali tinthu tambirimbiri tomwe timapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tisakhale tambiri.
Mlingo wa kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake
Granite yokhala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono imakhala ndi tinthu ta mchere tomwe timagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi malo opanda kanthu oonekera bwino. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza kuwonjezera kuchulukana. Komabe, granite yopangidwa mosasamala, chifukwa cha kuphatikizana kosasunthika pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ili ndi malo akuluakulu ndipo mwachibadwa imakhala ndi kuchuluka kochepa. Mwachitsanzo, granite yokhala ndi kapangidwe kokhuthala kopangidwa kudzera mu njira zapadera za geology ili ndi kuchulukana kosiyana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kapangidwe kake kosasunthika.
III. Mlingo wa Crystallization
Pakupangidwa kwa granite, kutentha ndi kupanikizika zikasintha, makhiristo a mchere amaundana pang'onopang'ono. Granite yokhala ndi kristalo yapamwamba imakhala ndi dongosolo labwino komanso laling'ono la makhiristo, ndipo mipata pakati pa makhiristo ndi yaying'ono. Chifukwa chake, imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu pa unit volume komanso kuchuluka kwakukulu. Granite yokhala ndi kristalo yochepa imakhala ndi dongosolo la makhiristo losokonezeka komanso mipata yayikulu pakati pa makhiristo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchulukana kukhale kochepa.
Mabowo ndi Ming'alu
Pakupanga ndi kukumba granite, ma pores ndi ming'alu zimatha kuchitika. Kukhalapo kwa ma voids awa kumatanthauza kuti palibe kudzaza kwa zinthu zolimba m'gawoli, zomwe zimachepetsa kulemera konse kwa granite ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Ma pores ndi ming'alu ikachuluka, kukula kwawo kumakhala kwakukulu komanso kufalikira kwawo kumakhala kwakukulu, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake kumawonekera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, posankha zida za granite, kuwona ngati pali ma pores ndi ming'alu yoonekera pamwamba pake kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chizindikiro chowunikira kuchuluka kwake.
V. Kupanga Chilengedwe
Mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe ingayambitse kusiyana kwa kufalikira ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere mu granite, motero zimakhudza kuchuluka kwake. Mwachitsanzo, granite yopangidwa pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri imakhala ndi crystallization yathunthu ya mchere, kapangidwe kakang'ono, komanso kuchuluka kwake komwe kungakhale kwakukulu. Kuchuluka kwa granite komwe kumapangidwa pamalo ofatsa kumatha kusiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zachilengedwe monga kutentha, kuthamanga ndi chinyezi zimathanso kukhudza kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mchere wa granite, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwake m'njira ina.
Vi. Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita migodi, monga kuphulitsa migodi, zingayambitse ming'alu yaying'ono mkati mwa granite, zomwe zingakhudze kapangidwe kake ndipo pambuyo pake zimakhudza kuchuluka kwake. Kuphwanya, kupukusa ndi njira zina panthawi yokonza zinthu zingasinthenso momwe tinthu ta granite timakhalira komanso kapangidwe kake, motero zimakhudza kuchuluka kwake. Pa nthawi yonyamula ndi kusungira, njira zosayenerera zosungira kapena malo osungiramo zinthu ovuta zingayambitse kuti granite ifinyidwe, igundidwe kapena kusweka, zomwe zingakhudzenso kuchuluka kwake.
Pomaliza, posankha zipangizo za granite, ndikofunikira kuganizira mozama zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa kuti tiwone bwino momwe zimagwirira ntchito ndikusankha zipangizo za granite zoyenera kwambiri pazochitika zinazake.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-19-2025