Nkhani - Kodi Grani ndi chiyani?

Kodi Grani ndi chiyani?

Mwala wolimbaNdi thanthwe losangalatsa kwambiri m'matumbo wa dziko lapansi, limadziwika kuti ndi pinki yowoneka bwino, yoyera, imvi, ndi mwala wokongoletsera wakuda. Ndiwosamba - pakatikati. Michere itatu yayikulu ndi Fedlespar, quartz, ndi Mica, yomwe imachitika ngati silvery muscovite kapena biotite wakuda kapena onse. Mwa michere iyi, feldpur imakongoletsa, ndipo quartz nthawi zambiri imapitilira 10 peresenti. Alkali feddspurs nthawi zambiri amakhala pinki, zomwe zimapangitsa pinki granite nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwala wokongoletsera. Maginisi a Granite ochokera m'mamada a Silika Olemera omwe ali pamtunda wozama kwambiri padziko lapansi. Madzi ambiri amgodi pafupi ndi matupi a gronite a gronite a hydrothermal mayankho omwe matupi otere amamasulidwa.

Kupatula

Kumtunda kwa kagawo ka qapf miyala ya ma plutonic (Strockeisen, 1976), gawo la granite limafotokozedwa ndi ma synogratite awiri: Miyala yokha yokha yomwe imalonjezedwa mkati mwa synogratite imawonedwa ngati mabuku a Anglo-Saxon. Mabuku aku Europe, miyala yolonjezedwa mkati mwa sheenogratite ndi Mozograntiteite amatchedwa Arnites. Munda wa Monzogratite wokhala ndi ADamellite ndi Morartz Monononite mu kalasiyakale. Kugonjera kwa thanthwe kumalimbikitsa kukana komwe admellite komanso dzina lake monomz monorbite wokhawo wamtambo wa quartz moshu.

Kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala

Pafupifupi mawonekedwe a mankhwala a Granite, ndi kulemera,

Kutengera ndi 2485 kusanthula:

Sio2 72.04% (silica)
Al2o3 14.42% (alumina)
K2O 4.12%
Na2o 3.69%
Cao 1.82%
Feo 1.68%
Fee2o3 1.22%
MGA 0.71%
TiO2 0.30%
P2o5 0.12%
Mno 0.05%

Nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mchere wa quartz ndi felsar, kapena popanda mchere kapena mchere womwe umapezeka. Quartz ndi feldspar nthawi zambiri amapereka grinite mtundu wopepuka, kuyambira pinki kuti oyera oyera. Mtundu wowunika uja umapukutidwa ndi mchere wakuda. Chifukwa chake Crinic Greenite ili ndi "mchere-and pempalo". Mchere wamba wopezeka kwambiri ndi michere yakuda mica biotite ndi mapirabi okalamba. Pafupifupi miyala yonseyi ndi ignuous (idakhazikika pa magma) ndi plutonic (zidatero) lalikulu kwambiri kapena lamphamvu). Makonzedwe osasinthika a mbewu mu granite- kusowa kwa nsalu - ndi umboni wa chiyambi cha putongonic. Rock ndi zomwezo monga momwe Granite ungapangire kwanthawi yayitali komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri. Koma mwala woterewu uli ndi nsalu yolimba ndipo nthawi zambiri imatchedwa granite gneiss.

Kuchulukitsa + kokhazikika

Kuchulukitsa kwapakati pa 2.65 ndi 2.75 g / cm3, mphamvu zake zopondereza nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamwamba pa 200 MPA, ndipo mawonekedwe ake apafupi ndi stp ndi 3-69. Kutentha kosungunuka ndi 1215-1260 ° C. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu koma lamphamvu kwambiri.

Kupezeka kwa mwala wa granite

Imapezeka pamitengo yayikulu kumayiko, madera omwe kutumphuka kwa nthaka kwasokonekera. Izi ndi zomveka, chifukwa granite ayenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono m'malo oikidwa m'manda kuti apange mbewu zazikuluzikulu zotere. Pretons yaying'ono kuposa makilomita 100 m'derali amatchedwa masheya, ndipo zazikuluzikulu zimatchedwa Bataliths. Lavas amaphulika padziko lonse lapansi, koma lavalu ndi zomwezo ngati granite (rinite) amangotulutsa ma kontinenti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Greenite iyenera kupanga ndikusungunuka kwa miyala yamtambo. Izi zimachitika pazifukwa ziwiri: kuwonjezera kutentha ndikuwonjezera ma osasinthika (madzi kapena mpweya woipa kapena onse). Makiloji amatentha kwambiri chifukwa ali ndi Uranium ndi potaziyamu, omwe amayatsa malo omwe akuzungulira popanda kuwola. Kwina kulikonse komwe kutumphuka kumatha kukuwuma kumafuna kutentha mkati (mwachitsanzo mu tibetan Plateau). Ndipo njira za tectics, makamaka kugonjera makamaka, kumatha kuyambitsa basale. Kuphatikiza pa kutentha, magmam awa amatulutsa CO2 ndi madzi, omwe amathandizira miyala yamitundu yonse kusungunuka. Amaganiza kuti magma ambiri a baaritic amatha kupaka pansi pa kontinenti mu njira yotchedwa yolumikizidwa. Ndi kutulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono kwa kutentha ndi zamadzimadzi kuchokera ku basalt, kutumphuka kwakukulu kwa matope kumatha kutembenukira ku granite nthawi yomweyo.

Zimapezeka kuti?

Pakadali pano, zimadziwika kuti zimapezeka padziko lapansi chabe monga madera onse ozungulira. Thanthwe ili limapezeka laling'ono, lokhala ndi masheya ochepera 100 K, kapena ku Bambasi omwe ali gawo la mapiri a Ogenic. Pamodzi ndi miyala ina ya kontinentiyi, imapanga maziko otsetsereka mobisa. Amapezekanso ku Lacolites, ma nanthwo ndi mabulosi. Monga mu kapangidwe ka mwala, kulimba kwina pali ma alpid ndi ma pegmati. Kumata ndi kukula kwa tinthu tambiri kuposa kuchitika pamalire a kuukira kwa granitic. Granelala ya granalato kuposa granite nthawi zambiri amagawana ma granite distu.

Arnite amagwiritsa ntchito

Aigupto akale anamanga mapiramidi ochokera kwa anyani ndi miyendo.
Kugwiritsanso kwina ku Egypt ku Egypt ndizazaza mizati, koyenda chitseko, sill, kuumba ndi khoma ndi chophimba pansi.
Rajaraja chola chola mzera ku South India, m'zaka za zana la 11 kuchokera mu mzinda wa Tajore ku India, adapanga kachisi woyamba padziko lonse lapansi. Kachisi wa Brihaswaral, adauzidwa kwa Lord Shva, adamangidwa mu 1010.
Mu Ufumu wa Roma, Granite adakhala gawo lofunikira la nyumba yomanga ndi zomangamanga.
Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwala wokulirapo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa abrasions, lakhala mwala wothandiza chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake komwe kumavomereza zovuta komanso zokometsera komanso kupukutira kunyamula zolemera zoonekeratu.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo amkati mwa granite slabs, matayala, mabenchi, matayala, ma stair, zinthu zina zambiri zothandiza komanso zokongoletsera.

Zatsopano

Chogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati miyala ndi zipilala.
Ntchito pansi.
Mainjiniya adagwiritsa ntchito ma granite opukutidwa a granite kuti apange ndege yoyitanitsa chifukwa ndi yopanda tanthauzo ndipo osasinthasintha

Kupanga granite

Amangodutsa padziko lonse lapansi koma mitundu yambiri yosewerera imachokera ku Granite of Graniti ku Brazil, India, China, FRY Africa ndi North America. Migodi iyi ndi likulu ndi ntchito yambiri. Zidutswa za grinite zimachotsedwa pamayendedwe ndikudula kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Madeti apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula zidutswa zopangidwa ndi granite kukhala mbale zonyamula, zomwe zimanyamula ndikunyamula ndi njanji kapena kutumiza. China, Brazil ndi India ndiye opanga ma granite padziko lapansi.

Mapeto

Mwala wotchedwa "Granite Wakuda" nthawi zambiri amakhala Gabbro omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi mankhwala.
Ndi thanthwe lochulukirapo padziko lapansi lamphamvu padziko lapansi. Madera akuluakulu amadziwika kuti Batsiliters ndi malo omangira madera omwe amadziwika kuti zishango zimapezeka pachimake cha madera ambiri.
Makristali a mchere akuwonetsa kuti pang'onopang'ono zimazizira kwambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zosungunuka zomwe zimapangidwa pansi pa dziko lapansi ndikufunika nthawi yayitali.
Ngati Granite imawululidwa padziko lapansi, imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa miyala ya granite ndi kukokoloka kwa miyala yamiyala yapamwamba pamwamba pake.
Pansi pa miyala yamiyala, a Granites, okopa kapena miyala yofananira nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa chikutochi. Amadziwika pambuyo pake ngati miyala yapansi.
Matanthauzidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati granite nthawi zambiri amabweretsa kulumikizana zathanthwe ndipo nthawi zina zimayambitsa chisokonezo. Nthawi zina pamakhala matanthauzidwe ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pali njira zitatu zotanthauzira Granite.
Njira Yosavuta pamiyala, limodzi ndi granite, Mica ndi Mapamu, amatha kufotokozedwa ngati mwala wozungulira, wowoneka bwino kwambiri wopangidwa makamaka ndi Feddspar ndi Quartz.
Katswiri wa thanthwe adzafotokozera za thanthwe, ndipo akatswiri ambiri sagwiritsa ntchito granite kuti azindikire thanthwe pokhapokha chidzakumana ndi michere ina ya mchere. Amatha kuyitanitsa alkaline granite, granododirite, pegmatite kapena aplite.
Tanthauzo la malonda omwe ogulitsa ndi ogula nthawi zambiri amatchedwa miyala ya granolar yomwe ndi yovuta kuposa granite kuposa granite. Amatha kuyitanitsa grano ya Gabro, Basalt, pegmatite, gneiss ndi miyala yambiri.
Amadziwika kuti ndi "mwala wokulirapo" womwe umatha kudulidwa kutalika kwake, mulifupi ndi makulida.
Granite ndiyabwino kuti muthane ndi abrasions ambiri, zolemera zazikulu, zokana nyengo ndikuvomereza ma varnisas. Mwala wofunikira kwambiri komanso wothandiza.
Ngakhale mtengo wa granite ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi anthu, zimawerengedwa kuti ndizotchuka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokopa ena chifukwa cha kukongola kwake chifukwa cha kukongola kwake chifukwa cha kukongola kwake.