M'ma laboratories apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kaya ndi kuzindikira kwa zida za nanoscale, kusanja kwa magawo owoneka bwino, kapena kuyeza kwa microstructure kwa tchipisi ta semiconductor, pali pafupifupi zofunikira zolimba pakulondola komanso kukhazikika kwa maumboni oyezera. Granite straightedge, ndi magwiridwe ake apamwamba, yakhala chisankho choyamba pama laboratories ambiri. Poyerekeza ndi malo owonetsera chitsulo chachitsulo, kukhazikika kwake kumatha kupitsidwanso ndi 300%, zomwe zimatengera umboni wozama wasayansi komanso kutsimikizira kothandiza. pa
1. Zinthu zakuthupi zimatsimikizira maziko olondola
Cast iron, ngati chinthu chodziwika bwino chapamwamba, ngakhale ili ndi kukhazikika kwina, imakhala ndi zolakwika zake. Coefficient yake ya kukula kwa matenthedwe ndi pafupifupi 12×10⁻⁶/℃. Pansi pa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha komwe kumakhala mu labotale (monga kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa 5 ℃ chifukwa cha kuyambika ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa zoziziritsa mpweya), malo owonetsera chitsulo chautali wa mita 1 amatha kusintha mawonekedwe a 60μm. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zida za graphite za flake mkati mwa chitsulo chosungunuka. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumakhala kovutirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ndege yolozera. Matenthedwe amtunduwu ndi kusintha kwamapangidwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthika mwadongosolo muzoyeserera, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kulondola kwa zotsatira zoyeserera. pa
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, coefficient of thermal expansion of granite straightedge ndi (4-8) × 10⁻⁶/℃, yomwe ili yocheperapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chitsulo chachitsulo. Pansi pa kutentha komweko kwa 5 ℃, kusintha kwa kukula kwa 1-mita kutalika kwa granite kuwongoka ndi 20-40 μm yokha. Granite imapangidwa ndi crystallization ya mchere monga quartz ndi feldspar. Lili wandiweyani ndi yunifolomu dongosolo ndipo palibe vuto la mkati kupsyinjika ndende. Pambuyo pazaka mabiliyoni azaka zakuthambo, granite idakalamba mwachilengedwe ndipo sidzapunthwa ngati chitsulo chonyezimira pakapita nthawi, kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali kwa ndege yolozera kuchokera pazomwe zili. pa
Chachiwiri, umisiri processing amakwaniritsa kopitilira muyeso-mkulu mwatsatanetsatane
Pakukonza zitsulo zotayidwa zachitsulo, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zakuthupi, kulondola kwa flatness nthawi zambiri kumangofika ± 5-10 μm. Komanso, pamwamba pa chitsulo chosungunula chimakhala ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimafuna kukonzedwa nthawi zonse ndikupera. Kupera kulikonse kudzakhudza kulondola koyambirira kwa malo ofotokozera. pa
Granite straightedge imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wogaya ndipo imaphatikizidwa ndiukadaulo wapamwamba wowongolera manambala. Kusalala kumatha kuyendetsedwa mkati mwa ± 1-3 μm, ndipo zinthu zina zapamwamba zimatha kufika ± 0.5μm. Kuuma kwake kumafika pa 6 mpaka 7 pamlingo wa Mohs, ndipo kukana kwake kumakhala 3 mpaka 5 kuposa chitsulo chonyezimira. Sichikanda msanga kapena kuvala. Ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kulondola kwapamwamba kwa granite kuwongoka kumatha kukhala kokhazikika, kuchotseratu kufunika kokonzanso ndi kukonza pafupipafupi, kuchepetsa kwambiri mtengo wakugwiritsa ntchito kwa labotale komanso mtengo wanthawi. pa
Iii. Kusintha kwa chilengedwe kumatsimikizira kuyeza kokhazikika
Malo a labotale ndi ovuta komanso osinthika. Zinthu monga chinyezi, kugwedezeka ndi kusokoneza kwa ma electromagnetic zimatha kukhudza kulondola kwa muyeso. Chitsulo chachitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi dzimbiri m'malo achinyezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuuma kwapamwamba komanso kukhudza kulondola kwa probe yoyezera. Pakadali pano, maginito achitsulo choponyedwa amatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a zida zoyezera bwino zamagetsi. pa
Granite straightedge ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo, zopanda maginito komanso zopanda conductive, ndipo sizidzasokoneza zida zamagetsi. Mayamwidwe ake amadzi ndi ochepera 0.1%, ndipo amatha kukhalabe okhazikika pamalo omwe ali ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zapadera za granite zimatha kuyamwa bwino kugwedezeka kwa chilengedwe ndikuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwakunja. Mwachitsanzo, mu labotale yomwe ili pafupi ndi zida zazikulu ndi zida zazikulu, chowongoka cha granite chimatha kutsitsa mphamvu yopitilira 90% ya mphamvu yakugwedezeka mkati mwa sekondi imodzi, pomwe malo owonetsera chitsulo chachitsulo amafunikira masekondi atatu mpaka 5. Izi zimathandiza kuti granite yowongoka kuti ipereke chiwongolero chokhazikika choyezera ngakhale m'malo ovuta. pa
Zinayi. Deta yeniyeni imatsimikizira zabwino zomwe zimachitika
Laboratory yodziwika bwino yapadziko lonse lapansi ya semiconductor nthawi ina idayesa kwanthawi yayitali pazitsulo zotayidwa ndi granite: Pakuyesa komwe kunatenga masiku 30 ndikutha kwa maola 8 tsiku lililonse, kulakwitsa koyerekeza kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito chitsulo choponyedwa chafika ± 45μm. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito granite straightedge zimakhala ndi zolakwika zochulukirapo za ± 15μm zokha, ndipo kuwongolera kukhazikika bwino kumafika 300%. Zotsatira zoyeserera zofananira zatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza m'ma laboratories apamwamba m'magawo angapo monga sayansi yazinthu ndi uinjiniya wa kuwala, kuwonetsanso kusasinthika kwa granite kuwongoka pakuyezera kolondola kwambiri. pa
Pomaliza, granite straightedge yaposa kwambiri chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo chifukwa cha zabwino zake zitatu zazinthu zakuthupi, ukadaulo wokonza komanso kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe. Kuwongolera kwake kwa 300% pakukhazikika kolondola sikumangopereka chizindikiro chodalirika cha ma laboratories komanso kumayala maziko olimba opangira kafukufuku wasayansi wotsogola komanso ukadaulo wopanga zolondola. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe ma laboratories apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi asankha zowongoka za granite.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-19-2025