N’chifukwa chiyani nsanja zapamwamba za granite zimadalirabe kupukutira ndi manja?

M'dziko lamakono la kupanga zinthu molondola, kulondola kumakhalabe chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Kaya ndi makina oyezera zinthu molingana (CMM), nsanja ya labu yowunikira, kapena zida za semiconductor lithography, nsanja ya granite ndi mwala wofunikira kwambiri, ndipo kusalala kwake kumatsimikizira mwachindunji malire a muyeso wa makinawo.

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti m'nthawi ino ya makina otsogola, makina opangira ma granite platform ayenera kuchitidwa ndi zida zamakina a CNC zokha. Komabe, zoona zake n'zodabwitsa: kuti tikwaniritse kulondola komaliza pamlingo wa micron kapena submicron, gawo lomaliza limadalirabe kupukutira ndi manja kwa amisiri odziwa bwino ntchito. Ichi si chizindikiro cha kuchedwa kwaukadaulo, koma kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa sayansi, zokumana nazo, ndi luso.

Kufunika kwa kupukusa ndi manja kuli makamaka mu luso lake lokonza zinthu modabwitsa. Kupukusa ndi "copy static" kutengera kulondola kwa chipangizo cha makina, ndipo sikungathe kukonza zolakwika zazing'ono zomwe zimachitika panthawi yopukusa. Kupukusa ndi manja, kumbali ina, ndi ntchito yotseka, yomwe imafuna amisiri kuti aziyang'ana pamwamba nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga ma level amagetsi, ma autocollimator, ndi ma laser interferometers, kenako nkuchita kusintha kwa malo kutengera deta. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imafuna miyeso yambirimbiri ndi kuzungulira kupukuta asanayambe kukonzedwa pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa nsanja yonse kufika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kachiwiri, kupukusa ndi manja sikungasinthidwenso poletsa kupsinjika kwa mkati mwa granite. Granite ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chokhala ndi kugawa kovuta kwa mkati. Kudula ndi makina kungasokoneze mosavuta kulinganiza kumeneku pakapita nthawi yochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha pang'ono pambuyo pake. Komabe, kupukusa ndi manja kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yochepa komanso kutentha kochepa. Pambuyo popukusa, mmisiri amalola kuti ntchitoyo ipumule, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kupsinjika kwa mkati mwa chinthucho kutuluke mwachibadwa asanapitirize kukonza. Njira iyi "yochedwa komanso yokhazikika" imatsimikizira kuti nsanjayo imasunga kulondola kokhazikika pakagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupukusa ndi manja kungapangitse kuti pamwamba pakhale mawonekedwe a isotropic. Zizindikiro za makina nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolunjika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukangana kosiyanasiyana komanso kubwerezabwereza mbali zosiyanasiyana. Kupukusa ndi manja, kudzera mu njira yosinthasintha ya mmisiri, kumapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zosweka zigawike mwachisawawa komanso mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pakhale bwino mbali zonse. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakina oyezera bwino komanso oyenda bwino.

Chofunika kwambiri, granite imapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mchere, monga quartz, feldspar, ndi mica, iliyonse ili ndi kusiyana kosiyana kwa kuuma. Kupera kwa makina nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kudula kwambiri kwa mchere wofewa ndi kutuluka kwa mchere wolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusalingana pang'ono. Kupera ndi manja, kumadalira zomwe mmisiri waluso akumana nazo komanso momwe amamvera. Amatha kusintha mphamvu ndi ngodya nthawi zonse panthawi yopera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mchere ndikupeza malo ogwirira ntchito ofanana komanso osawonongeka.

Mwanjira ina, kukonza mapulatifomu a granite olondola kwambiri ndi njira yogwirizana ndi ukadaulo wamakono woyezera molondola komanso luso lachikhalidwe. Makina a CNC amapereka magwiridwe antchito komanso mawonekedwe oyambira, pomwe kusalala, kukhazikika, ndi kufanana kuyenera kuchitika pamanja. Motero, nsanja iliyonse yapamwamba ya granite imayimira nzeru ndi kuleza mtima kwa amisiri aluso.

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amatsatira njira yolondola kwambiri, kuzindikira kufunika kopera ndi manja kumatanthauza kusankha chinthu chodalirika chomwe chidzagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Si chinthu chongopeka chabe; ndi maziko otsimikizira kuti njira yolondola kwambiri yopangira ndi kuyeza ikuchitika.