Mu nthawi yomwe imadziwika ndi kusintha kwa digito mwachangu komanso masensa opangidwa ndi laser, zitha kuoneka ngati zodabwitsa kuti chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri mu labotale yapamwamba ndi miyala yayikulu, yopanda phokoso. Komabe, kwa mainjiniya aliyense amene ali ndi ntchito yotsimikizira ma microns a gawo lofunikira kwambiri la ndege kapena chipangizo chamankhwala chofewa, mbale yayikulu ya granite pamwamba pake imakhalabe maziko ofunikira a chowonadi chonse. Popanda malo owunikira bwino, ngakhale masensa okwera mtengo kwambiri a digito kwenikweni amaganizira. Kufunafuna zero yeniyeni mu muyeso wamakina sikuyamba ndi mapulogalamu; kumayamba ndi kukhazikika kwa nthaka lapansi, komwe kumakonzedwa kudzera mu luso la anthu.
Tikamakambirana za zida zoyezera pamwamba pa mbale, tikuyang'ana za chilengedwe cholondola. Plate pamwamba si tebulo lokha; ndi muyezo waukulu. Mu malo otanganidwa a shopu yamakina kapena labu yowongolera khalidwe, mbale ya mainjiniya imagwira ntchito ngati deta yomwe miyeso yonse imachokera. Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito ma gauge a kutalika, mipiringidzo ya sine, kapena milingo yapamwamba yamagetsi, kudalirika kwa deta yanu kumalumikizidwa ndi mtundu wa pamwamba pa granite. Ndi malo amodzi mufakitale komwe "flat" imatanthauza flat, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zoyezera zamagetsi zigwire ntchito molingana ndi malingaliro ake.
Kusintha kuchoka pa mbale zachitsulo zotayidwa zapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900 kupita ku granite wakuda wamakono kunayambitsidwa ndi kufunika kokhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi chilengedwe. Chitsulo chotayidwa chimakonda kuphulika, dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kwambiri. Komabe, granite mwachibadwa ndi "yakufa." Sichisunga mphamvu zamkati, sichiyendetsa magetsi, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, sichichita dzimbiri. Chida cholemera chikagwa mwangozi papamwamba pa granite, sichipanga chibowo chokwezeka chomwe chimawononga miyeso yotsatira; m'malo mwake, chimangodula mwala waung'ono, ndikusiya malo ozungulira ali bwino. Khalidwe ili lokha lapangitsa kuti likhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha mafakitale olondola kwambiri ku Europe ndi North America.
Komabe, kukhala ndi mbale yapamwamba kwambiri ndi chiyambi chabe cha ulendowu. Kusunga kulondola kumeneko kwa zaka zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kumafuna kudzipereka kolimba pakuyesa tebulo la granite. Pakapita nthawi, kuyenda kosalekeza kwa zida ndi zida kudutsa mwalawo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa malo—kosawoneka ndi maso koma koopsa pantchito yolekerera kwambiri. Kuyesa kwaukadaulo kumaphatikizapo kujambula pamwamba ndi ma level amagetsi kapena ma autocollimators kuti apange "mapu a topographical" a kusalala kwa mwalawo. Ndi njira yosamala kwambiri yomwe imatsimikizira kuti mbaleyo ikupitilira kukwaniritsa zofunikira za Giredi 00 kapena Giredi 0, kupatsa mainjiniya chidaliro kuti miyeso yawo ndi yolondola komanso yobwerezabwereza.
Kwa iwo omwe akuyang'anira kupanga kwakukulu, vuto la kayendetsedwe ka zinthu poyika mbale yayikulu ya granite ndi lofunika kwambiri, koma phindu lake ndi lalikulu. Miyala ikuluikulu iyi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalemera matani angapo, imapereka mphamvu yochepetsera kugwedezeka komwe zinthu zopangidwa sizingagwirizane nako. Mukayika block yolemera ya injini kapena tsamba la turbine pa mbale ya mainjiniya, kuchuluka kwa mwalawo kumatsimikizira kuti malo okhazikikawo amakhalabe osiyana ndi kugwedezeka kwa makina olemera apafupi. Kukhazikika kumeneku ndichifukwa chake ma laboratories apamwamba kwambiri amaika patsogolo makulidwe ndi kulemera kwa maziko awo a granite, kuwaona ngati zinthu zokhazikika m'malo mwa mipando chabe.
Ukadaulo wofunikira kuti mupeze ndi kumaliza miyala iyi ndi womwe umasiyanitsa ogulitsa apamwamba padziko lonse ndi ena onse. Imayambira m'migodi, komwe kachigawo kakang'ono chabe ka granite wakuda kamaonedwa kuti ndi "kalasi ya metrology" - kopanda ming'alu, zosakaniza, ndi malo ofewa. Ku ZHHIMG, timasankha njira iyi ndi mphamvu yokoka yomwe imayenera. Chipikacho chikadulidwa, ntchito yeniyeni imayamba. Njira yolumikizira pamwamba ndi manja kuti mupeze kusalala kwa sub-micron ndi luso lapadera lomwe limaphatikiza mphamvu zakuthupi ndi kumvetsetsa kwachilengedwe kwa sayansi ya zinthu zakuthupi. Ndi kuvina pang'onopang'ono, kokonzedwa bwino pakati pa katswiri ndi mwalawo, motsogozedwa ndi mawerengedwe olondola azida zoyezera zamakina.
Pa dziko lonse lapansi la kupanga zinthu molondola, makampani akufunafuna ogwirizana nawo omwe amapereka zinthu zambiri osati kungopanga zinthu zokha. Amafunafuna akuluakulu omwe amamvetsetsa kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa nthaka komanso momwe miyala ya igneous imagwirira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale ogulitsa ambiri amanena kuti amapereka zinthu zabwino, ochepa okha ndi omwe angapereke zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zovuta kwambiri. Kudziwika kuti ndi opereka zida zoyambira izi ndi udindo womwe timautenga mozama. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti katswiri akayika zida zake zoyezera pamwamba pa granite yathu, akugwira ntchito pamalo omwe atsimikiziridwa ndi sayansi yolimba komanso luso la akatswiri.
Pomaliza, ntchito ya granite pamwamba pa plate yaikulu m'makampani amakono ndi umboni wa lingaliro lakuti zinthu zina sizingasinthidwe ndi njira zazifupi za digito. Pamene kulekerera m'mafakitale a semiconductor ndi aerospace kukuchepa kufika pa nanometer, gawo la "chete" la tebulo la granite limakhala lofunika kwambiri. Kuyang'anira tebulo la granite nthawi zonse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera zamakina apamwamba kumatsimikizira kuti mnzanu wosalankhula uyu akupitilizabe kutsatira miyezo ya uinjiniya wamakono. Tikukupemphani kuti muyang'ane bwino maziko a njira zanu zoyezera—chifukwa m'dziko lolondola, malo omwe mungasankhe ndiye chisankho chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungapange.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-26-2025