Kuyenda kosalekeza kwa miniaturization m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana—kuyambira kupanga ma semiconductor mpaka ma printed circuit board apamwamba (PCBs) ndi ma micro-mechanics—kwawonjezera kufunikira kwa metrology yolondola kwambiri komanso yobwerezabwereza. Pakati pa kusinthaku pali Automatic Line Breadth Measuring Equipment, chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera khalidwe ndi kukonza njira. Machitidwe apamwamba awa amapita kutali kuposa kuyang'ana kosavuta kwa kuwala, kudalira masensa apamwamba osakhudzana, ma algorithms apamwamba, ndipo, mwina kwambiri, maziko a kukhazikika kwa makina omwe nthawi zambiri samawonedwa: zigawo zamakina za granite.
Kugwira ntchito konse kwa chida chilichonse choyezera mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri kumadalira mwachindunji ziwalo zake. Ngakhale kuti ma optics, makamera, ndi mapulogalamu opangira zinthu zimakopa chidwi, kukhazikika kwa nsanja yeniyeniyo—kapangidwe kake komwe kamasunga masensa bwino—ndiko komwe kumatsimikiza kulondola komwe kungatheke. Apa ndi pomwe kusankha kwaukadaulo kwa zida zoyezera za Automatic Line Width Measuring Equipment kumakhala kofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa opanga ambiri otsogola kusankha granite ngati chinthu chomwe amasankha pa maziko, mizati, ndi magawo okhala ndi mpweya.
Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri wa Kukhazikika kwa Makina mu Metrology
Kuyeza m'lifupi mwa mzere molondola nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuzindikira miyeso mu micrometer ndi sub-micrometer range. Pa mulingo uwu, kusinthasintha kochepa kwa chilengedwe kapena zolakwika za kapangidwe kake kungayambitse zolakwika zosavomerezeka za muyeso. Vuto lalikulu pa makina aliwonse odziyimira pawokha ndikusunga ubale wa malo pakati pa sensa yoyezera (nthawi zambiri kamera yowoneka bwino kwambiri kapena laser micrometer) ndi gawo lomwe likuyesedwa. Ubale wovutawu umakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zochitika zingapo zakuthupi: kugwedezeka, kukula kwa kutentha, ndi kusuntha kwa kapangidwe kake.
Zipangizo zakale monga chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu, ngakhale zili zolimba, zimakhala ndi zoletsa zake zikakankhira ku malire a kulondola kwa metrological. Ndi ma conductor abwino kwambiri a kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukulitsa kutentha mwachangu komanso kosagwirizana chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha kwa malo ozungulira kapena kutentha kwamkati mwa makina. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu zawo zochepa zochepetsera chinyezi zimatanthauza kuti zimatumiza ndikusunga kugwedezeka, kaya kuchokera ku ma motors amkati, ma compressor a mpweya, kapena makina apafupi a fakitale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisunthike pang'onopang'ono panthawi yoyezera kwambiri.
Granite: Yankho Lachilengedwe la Kulondola Kwambiri
Kusintha kwa zigawo za makina a granite zoyezera zida zodziyimira pawokha ndi chisankho chaukadaulo chopangidwa mwadala kutengera mawonekedwe apadera a chinthucho chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale maziko abwino kwambiri a metrology yolondola kwambiri.
Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa granite ndi kuchuluka kwake kochepa kwambiri kwa kutentha (CTE). Poyerekeza ndi chitsulo, granite imakula ndikuchepa pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'ono kwambiri ikakumana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti zida zizikhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, kuonetsetsa kuti kuwerengera komwe kumachitika m'mawa kumakhalabe koyenera tsiku lonse, ngakhale malo omwe fakitale ikusintha.
Kuphatikiza apo, granite ili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera kugwedezeka. Kapangidwe kake kachilengedwe ka kristalo kamagwira ntchito ngati choyamwa chapadera cha mphamvu yamakina. Mwa kuthamangitsa kugwedezeka mwachangu, maziko a granite amachepetsa kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency apamwamba komwe kumatha kusokoneza kuwerenga kwa kuwala kapena kusokoneza kulondola kwa malo a magawo oyenda mwachangu omwe ali mu Zida Zoyezera Zazitali Zazitali. Chinthu chochepetsera kugwedezeka kumeneku chimalola zidazo kuti zikwaniritse kuchuluka kwa kuyeza mwachangu popanda kuwononga kutsimikiza ndi kulondola komwe kumafunika pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba.
Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi ndi kusalala kwapadera kwa granite ndi kuuma kwake. Kudzera mu njira zapadera zolumikizira ndi kumaliza, granite imatha kukwaniritsa kusalala pamwamba pa sub-micrometer range, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo labwino kwambiri la machitidwe olondola okhala ndi mpweya omwe amafuna kuyenda kolinganizika bwino. Kulimba kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti nsanja yothandizira mzere woyezera imakana kupatuka pansi pa mphamvu zamagetsi za magawo odziyimira pawokha, ndikutsimikizira umphumphu wa ndege yowunikira panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Nexus ya Kulamulira Mayendedwe ndi Granite
Mu dongosolo lodziyendetsa lokha, ntchitoyo iyenera kusunthidwa ndikuyikidwa pamalo ake mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri. Zipangizo Zoyezera Kukula kwa Mzere Wokha zimadalira zida zapamwamba monga ma linear motors ndi ma encoder olondola, koma zida izi zimagwira ntchito bwino ngati pamwamba pomwe zimagwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, gawo lokhala ndi mpweya wa granite limagwiritsa ntchito kuuma ndi kusalala kwa granite kuti likwaniritse kuyenda kosagwedezeka komanso kobwerezabwereza. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe kuti zikhale zokhazikika ndikuzigwirizanitsa ndi mayendedwe apamwamba kuti zikhale zosavuta, opanga amapanga mgwirizano womwe umapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yosayerekezeka.
Kapangidwe kolondola kwa zigawo za granite ndi gawo lapadera. Opanga ayenera kupeza granite wakuda wapamwamba kwambiri, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso kupendekera kochepa kuposa mitundu ina, kenako n’kuugwiritsa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. Gawo lopera, kulumikiza, ndi kupukuta nthawi zambiri limachitika motsatira njira zowongolera nyengo kuti zitsimikizire kuti chinthu chomaliza chikukwaniritsa kusalala kwambiri komanso kulekerera kwa sikweya kofunikira pa metrology yapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuyang'ana Tsogolo la Kuyeza Kokha
Pamene ma geometries a zinthu akupitirira kuchepa ndipo kulekerera kwa kupanga kukukulirakulira, kufunikira kwa Zida Zoyezera Mzere Wokha kudzawonjezeka. Maziko okhazikitsidwa ndi zigawo za granite zolondola si chisankho chongopeka chabe; ndi chofunikira chotsimikizira mtsogolo. Kusintha kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo uwu kudzawona kuphatikiza kwa zida zamphamvu kwambiri zama sensor ambiri, ma optics okwera kwambiri, ndi njira zovuta zoyendera. Mulimonsemo, kukhazikika kosagwedezeka ndi kutentha komwe kumaperekedwa ndi zigawo zamakina a granite kudzakhalabe maziko a magwiridwe antchito olondola kwambiri.
Kwa wopanga aliyense amene amagwira ntchito m'malo opikisana popanga zinthu zamakono, kuyika ndalama mu zida zoyezera zokhala ndi maziko olimba a granite komanso okhazikika pa kutentha si chinthu chamtengo wapatali—ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti tipeze kuwongolera khalidwe, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zokolola, komanso kukhalabe ndi mpikisano wabwino. Mphamvu ya granite chete ndi yomwe imalola zamagetsi ndi ma optics apamwamba kuchita ntchito yawo yovuta mosasinthasintha, mosasinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale ngwazi yosayamikirika ya metrology yamakono.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-03-2025