Aliyense amene wapeza zida zoyezera molondola padziko lonse lapansi wakumana ndi vuto lomweli: chinthu chomwecho chikhoza kufotokozedwa motsutsana ndi miyezo isanu yosiyana ya dziko, iliyonse ili ndi njira yake yowunikira, tebulo lololera, ndi mawu ake. Kumvetsetsa zomwe miyezo iyi imafotokoza - m'malo moiona ngati zizindikiro zosinthika zovomerezeka - ndikofunikira kwa aliyense wogula kapena kupanga mbale zapamwamba, zolunjika, kapena zida zoyezera granite.
Miyezo Yaikulu Mwachidule
DIN (Germany) — DIN 876 imaphimba kulekerera kwa flatness kwambale zapamwambam'magiredi atatu (00, 0, ndi 1), pomwe Giredi 00 yasungidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'ma labotale. DIN 875 imalankhula za straightedges, ndipo DIN 650 imakhudza ma V-blocks. Miyezo yaku Germany imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati malo ofotokozera ku Europe ndi Asia chifukwa cha matebulo awo okhwima omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa mbale.
ASME/GGGP (United States) — Katswiri wa ku US yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito Federal Specification GGG-P-463c m'mbuyomu, pambuyo pake adaphatikizidwa mu miyezo ya ASME B89, yomwe imagawa ma plates pamwamba mwa Laboratory, Inspection, ndi Tool grades kutengera kupendekera kwa flatness pagawo lililonse.
JIS (Japan) — Miyezo Yamakampani Yaku Japan imafanana ndi kapangidwe ka DIN koma imagwiritsa ntchito mayina awoawo komanso nthawi zoyesera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa ndi zida zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera kumakampani opanga zida zamakina olondola ku Japan.
GB (China) — Miyezo ya dziko lonse ya China ya granite surface plates ndi zida zoyezera yagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira ya ISO ndi DIN m'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi, zomwe zikusonyeza kukula kwa maziko opanga zinthu zolondola m'dziko muno.
BS 817 (United Kingdom) ndi GOST 10905 (Russia) — Zonse ziwiri zimafotokoza zofunikira zofanana za kusalala ndi kumalizidwa kwa pamwamba, ndipo BS 817 imatchulidwa m'misika ya Commonwealth ndipo GOST imatchulidwabe mu kugula kwa mafakitale aku Russia ndi CIS.
Chifukwa Chake Kusiyana Kuli Kofunika Pakuchita
Vuto lenileni silakuti muyezo umodzi ndi "wabwino" kuposa wina - koma kuti magiredi olekerera nthawi zonse sasinthika mwachindunji. Mbale ya Giredi 0 pansi pa DIN 876 ndi mbale ya Laboratory-grade pansi pa ASME B89 ndi ofanana m'malingaliro koma amayesedwa pansi pa njira zosiyanasiyana komanso mikhalidwe yachilengedwe (nthawi zambiri kutentha koyerekeza kwa 20°C, ngakhale kulekerera kwa kupotoka kumasiyana). Ogula omwe amaganiza kuti ndi ofanana popanda kuyang'ana lipoti lenileni la mayeso amatha kukhala ndi zida zomwe zimakwaniritsa chizindikiro cha muyezo wakunja koma osati kulekerera komwe njira yawo imafuna.
Funso Loona la Kutsata Zinthu Mwanzeru
Kupatula muyezo womwe wasindikizidwa pa satifiketi, funso lofunika kwambiri ndi kutsata: kodi kutsata kungatsatidwe kudzera mu bungwe la dziko lonse la metrology? Opanga odziwika bwino amayesa zida zawo zoyezera - zizindikiro zoyimbira, ma interferometer a laser, milingo yamagetsi - motsutsana ndi satifiketi yoperekedwa ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka (ku China, makamaka mabungwe a metrology a m'matauni ndi madera, okhala ndi njira yobwerera ku National Institute of Metrology). Popanda unyolo umenewo, sitampu ya "Giredi 0" imangokhala yodalirika ngati labu yomwe idapereka.
Kwa mainjiniya omwe amatchula maziko a granite kapena zida zoyezera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa apadziko lonse lapansi, mfundo yothandiza ndi yosavuta: funsani njira yoyesera ya muyezo womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito, funsani zambiri zenizeni zoyezera osati chizindikiro cha giredi yokha, ndikutsimikizira kuti zida zoyezera zokha zili ndi satifiketi yotsatirika. Opanga omwe amaphunzitsa antchito pamiyeso yosiyanasiyana yadziko lonse - DIN, ASME, JIS, GB, BS, ndi GOST - nthawi zambiri amakhala pamalo abwino opangira zinthu zomwe zimapirira muyezo uliwonse womwe kasitomala amafunikira.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-06-2026